Abstract: One of the main targets of an auditing system is provision of useful information for prediction of economic events. In this regard, profit prediction is of great special importance because it affects users’ decision-making and judgments. Therefore, a large number of studies deal with prediction of accounting profit and precision of methods which are used for prediction of profit. Therefore, the present research deals with relationship between variations in accruals and operational profit and future period operational cash flows in pharmaceutical-producing companies admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange in a 4 years period of time (2009-2012). Considering the results of the first hypothesis, it can be said that there is a positive relationship between variations in accruals and operational profit of future period. Therefore, the first hypothesis is supported. These results are consistent with the results of studies conducted by Modares and Abbaszadeh, Kordestani, Gholam Reza, Saedmohamadi, Kasra. Furthermore, the results of the second hypothesis test revealed that there is a positive relationship between variations in accruals and future period operational cash flows. Therefore, the second hypothesis is supported. These results are consistent with the results of studies conducted by Sadegh Byan, Mohsen, Arab-Mazar, Mohammad, Hashemi, Seyyed Abbas.