Abstract: Experts support the thesis that at the summit in Dushanbe in 2008 members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization could not develop a consolidated position on the conflict in the Caucasus in August 2008 which only proved the fact that the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is unable to become a competitor of Western associations and in particular of the North Atlantic alliance, therefore is not a sufficiently successful union. The researchers refute this position, considering the influence of the talks in Dushanbe as further development of cooperation between the members of the organization. In their study, they come to the conclusion that the SCO has never been and is not a competitor to NATO, being essentially different. The SCO, first of all is a political association aimed at realizing the ideology of building a multipolar regional (Eurasia) and global world order. Commitment to the ideals of polycentrism was demonstrated by the states in the Dushanbe Declaration which in turn was reflected in the intensification of interaction between the states both in the sphere of political negotiations and economic cooperation and in enhancing joint security activities (in the fight against transnational crime and joint military exercises). Thus, it can be stated that the SCO is successfully evolving within the framework of a predetermined strategy and the acceptance of new major players to the organization (India and Pakistan) is the evidence of this process. The 2008 summit in Dushanbe, therefore, can be seen as a catalyst for the accelerated development of the organization in the face of increasing risks of intra-regional conflicts.