Abstract: The purpose of this research is to study the potential of biomass in Southern Thailand, material and energy balance for feasibility of biomass gasification to quantity of empty fruit bunch residue from industries was majority of biomass in Southern Thailand. However, results showed that the Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) had the most biomass residue and high heating value, kernel shell had the highest heating value. So, kernel shell and Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) is appropriate for gasification. Result from proximate analysis showed that palm kernel was consisted of 12.99% moisture, 2.73% ash, 70.96% volatile and 13.31% fixed carbon. Whereas, EFB was composed of 11.28% moisture, 3.06% ash, 68.06% volatile and 17.60% fixed carbon. Result from ultimate analysis showed that palm kernel was consisted of 46.51% carbon, 5.55% hydrogen and 35.85% oxygen. Whereas EFB was composed of 43.83% carbon, 5.82% hydrogen and 39.15% oxygen. Analysis from bomb calorimeter revealed heating value of palm kernel were HHV 4,152.13 kcal/kg and LHV 3,966.46 kcal/kg. Whereas those of EFB were HHV 3,990.31 kcal/kg and LHV 3,802.52 kcal/kg. Material and energy balance calculation indicated that syngas production from gasification process of kernel shell and empty fruit bunch were 0.88 kg/kg dry feed and 0.49 kg/kg dry feed, heating value of syngas was 3,200.63 kcal/kg dry feed and 1,393.81 kcal/kg dry feed for kernel shell and EFB, respectively. While 0.02 kg/kg dry feed and 0.32 kg/kg dry feed of tar were produced for kernel shell and empty fruit bunch gasification, respectively. The processes also obtained 0.08 kg/kg dry feed and 0.04 kg/kg dry feed of char for kernel shell and empty fruit bunch, respectively.