Authors : Ayman Alak Hassan, Husham T. Ibrahim, Ali H. Al-Aboodi and Sarmad A. Abbas
Abstract: Safwan-Zubair area is located in southwest of Basrah Province, South of Iraq. This area is located between longitude line [47°35’-47°55’] and latitude line [30°00’-30°30’]. The main source for irrigation and domestic purposes in the study area is groundwater. The upper aquifer of Dibdibba formation represents the main aquifer in Safwan-Zubair area. The main object of this research is to evaluate the water quality for drinking and agricultural purposes through physical and chemical analysis (Temperature, pH, EC, TDS, Cl-, Na+, K+, Ca+2, Mg+2, HCO3-, SO4-2, Fe+, Total Alkalinity (TA), Total Hardness (TH) ) using Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and percentage of sodium ion (Na%) during the wet season (2018). Based on SAR values, the groundwater types ranged from first class (excellent) to the second class (good). Na% values ranged from 37.29-60.54%, according to this range, it is found that the groundwater type ranged from good to doubtful class. According to GWQI, the groundwater quality lies under unsuitable class. The general trend of directional distribution of Na+ concentration is from the northwest to the southeast in other words with align of the Shatt Al-Basrah Canal (drainage canal), there is a clear effect of the canal on the adjacent areas lead to increase the concentration of Na+. The groundwater flow direction has a great effect on the quality of groundwater along with the direction of groundwater path lines towards the Arabian Gulf near Um Qasr.
Ayman Alak Hassan, Husham T. Ibrahim, Ali H. Al-Aboodi and Sarmad A. Abbas, 2018. Spatial Distribution of Groundwater Quality Index in Safwan-Zubair Area. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 13: 6091-6098.