Abstract: According to Bangladesh Maternal Health Services and Maternal Mortality Survey (BMHSMMS) 2001, the maternal mortality rate of Bangladesh is 4.0 per 1000 live births. The medical causes of this high level maternal mortality are post partum hemorrhage, abortion complications, eclamsia, infections, obstetric labor, etc. These medical causes of maternal mortality are influenced by the socio-economic and cultural factors, which includes women`s low social status in family and community, such as, lack of access to economic resources and education, inability to make decision about their health and nutrition, which determine their reproductive health status, access to health care services, and health care behavior or use of health care services. Because of low social status, women are deprived from access to reproductive health care services, which are their basic rights. In ICPD 1994, reproductive health care is defined as the constellation of methods, techniques and services that contribute to reproductive health and well being by preventing and solving reproductive health problems. In this context, this paper attempts to discuss the theoretical development of the concepts ‘reproductive rights` and ‘safe motherhood`, relation between these two concepts and finally the status of reproductive rights of women in Bangladesh from the perspectives of safe motherhood.