Abstract: This study estimated the relative profitability and resource use efficiency of ruminant and non-ruminant livestock production in Imo State identified constraints to production and their remedies. Results showed that ruminant and non-ruminant livestock offer profitable investment opportunities. They do not differ significantly in profitability and are influenced by farming experience, area of land used for raising them from day old to market weight, breeding stock used in production, cost of production, cost of labour and cost of feeds. The operators were found to be inefficient in resource use, although the level is significantly higher for the non-ruminant category, it was recommended among others that investors should be indifferent in decisions to finance such non-ruminant livestock as poultry and piggery and such ruminant livestock as sheep and goat because of their similar profitability that these operators should be reached and encouraged to effect adjustments recommended in this study for the attainment of efficiency in resource use by strengthening the agricultural extension system.