Abstract: This study seeks to examine the effects of some selected socio-economic and demographic variables on fertility using a well-known multivariate technique named path model analysis. The data are from 2004 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS). This study argues that for both cohorts (i.e., aged below 30 years and aged 30+ years) women’s education, age at first marriage and length of breast feeding are found to have significant direct negative effects, while the place of residence and the number of dead children have significant direct positive effects on the number of children ever born. Fetal loss appears to have a significant direct positive effect on fertility in Bangladesh. Based on the finding of this study, it may be suggested that attention should be focused on the need for providing educational facilities in particularly among women in rural areas in order to decline the level of fertility in Bangladesh.