Abstract: Smoking tobacco affects vocal health by causing changes in the respiratory and laryngeal systems. Several studies have been conducted to investigate the histopathological, physiological and functional effects of smoking on voice. The current review aimed to examine studies that explored the effect of smoking on both respiration and phonation. The findings show differences in the experimental models used criteria for subject selection, follow-up of subjects over time and control for other factors that affect the human’s voice besides smoking. Additionally, findings of multiple studies performed to analyze the same set of parameters demonstrated contradicting results. Most studies examine the smokers voice while research on effect of smoking cessation on voice was not given enough attention. The limitations of the previous research in this area implies that more extensive research is still needed where these variables are controlled and all factors affecting the results of the study are accounted for. It must be noted that investigations of smoking effect and the effect of smoking cessation are in need to fully understand the problem and find ways to help smokers regain normal voice that will improve their quality of life.