Abstract: In the study, the concept of the myth and also its ability to reflect national history, language and spirit of the people are revealed. Acquaintance with researches of the Kazakh myth and also about a word meaning in mythology is given. The myth and mytheme is perhaps the first intellectual attempt of human natural-science knowledge and generalization of the events in environment and the world. It expresses an aspiration of the person to learn truth through the truth of a narration, the vision, the attitude and outlook. The real truth or that was or is actually, expressed by the words thoughts, structures images and archetypes of the person author of this myth. All modern myths are result of creative participation of a huge number of coauthors story-tellers, storytellers, translators, copyists, etc. Therefore, still any myths became now certain phenomena of the Noosphere in which particles of truth or that far ancient truth reality or objectively occurred phenomena, events and situations are hidden. These particles of truth or the truth in myths are mythemes archetypes, plots and subjects of plots of myths, some tracks and word concepts which correspond to material (archaeological) traces of the most ancient times. However, there is unresolved a problem of definition of the concept “mytheme” which is the basic structural element of the modern theory of the myth, in particular the author's mythologizing consciousness. For a long time the myth was an object of research of different humanitarian spheres namely: philosophies, cultural science, literatures, psychology, stories. However, incontestable is that fact that the concept “mytheme” came to common scientific lexicon from K.G. Jung’s psychoanalysis. Distribution of the world to dyads and triads is the cornerstone of each mytheme. The judgment of ancient people of the general properties of a material world occurred through its division into two parts: top bottom, right-left, light-dark and so forth. Respectively, there were also two opposite poles. The main dyads are built in a certain hierarchy: from what are perceived at the level of feelings to cultural and social educations. According to S. Gutsol at higher level of abstractions binary oppositions act as mythemes. In end, there is a wish to tell that mythological works undoubtedly make a huge contribution to promoting of national traditions, customs and heritage. If to say that myths are in general science, the language applied in them helps to have idea of society of that time and national consciousness.