References

Bentley, M.T., P.E. Kauffman, D.L. Kline and J.A. Hogsette, 2009. Response of adult mosquitoes to light-emitting diodes placed in resting boxes end in the field. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc., 25: 285-291.
CrossRef  |  

Bolio, G.M.E., V.R.I. Rodriguez, A.C.H. Sauri, B.E. Gutierrez, P.A. Ortega and F.R.F. Colin, 2007. Prevalence of Dirofilaria immits infection in dogs from Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. Vet. Parasitol., 148: 166-169.
PubMed  |  

Cancrini, G., P. Scaramozzino, S. Gabrielli, M. Di-Paolo, L. Toma and R. Romi, 2007. Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens Implicated as natural vectors of Dirofilaria repens in central Italy. J. Med. Entomol., 44: 1064-1066.
PubMed  |  

Cancrini, G., R. Romi, S. Gabrielli, L. Toma, M. Di-Paolo and P. Scaramozzino, 2003. First finding of Dirofilaria repens in a natural population of Aedes albopictus. Med. Vet. Entomol., 17: 448-451.
PubMed  |  

Courtney, C.H. and Q.Y. Zeng, 2001. Relationship between microfilaria count and sensitivity of the direct smear for diagnosis of canine dirofilariosis. Vet. Parasitol., 94: 199-204.
CrossRef  |  

Fontanarrosa, M.F., D. Vezzani, J. Basabe and D.F. Eiras, 2006. An epidemiological study of gastrointestinal parasites of dogs from Southern Greater Buenos Aires (Argentina): Age, gender, breed, mixed infections and seasonal and spatial patterns. Vet. Parasitol., 136: 283-295.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Genchi, C., L. Rinaldi, M. Mortarino, M. Genchi and G. Cringoli, 2009. Climate and dirofilaria infection in Europe. Vet. Parasitol., 163: 286-292.
CrossRef  |  

Gerber, B., S. Eincherberger, M.M. Wittenbrink and C.E. Reusc, 2007. Increased prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi infections in Bernese Mountain Dogs: a possible breed predisposition. BMC Vet. Res., Vol. 3. 10.1186/1746-6148-3-15

Hira, P.R., A. Al-Buloushi, N. Khalid, J. Iqbal, O. Bain and L.M. Eberhard, 2008. Zoonotic filariasis in the arabian peninsula: Autochthonous onchocerciasis and dirofilariasis. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 79: 739-741.
PubMed  |  

Jacso, O., E. Fok, G. Kiss, G. Kokeny and Z. Lang, 2010. Preliminary findings on the efficacy of selamectin in the treatment of dogs naturally infected with Dirofilaria repens. Acta Vet. Hung., 58: 405-412.
PubMed  |  

Jung, J., J. Chang, S. Oh, J. Yoon and M. Choi, 2010. Computed tomography angiography for evaluation of pulmonary embolism in an experimental model and heartworm infested dogs. Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound, 51: 288-293.
PubMed  |  

Kartashev, V., I. Batashova, S. Kartashov, A. Ermakov and A. Mironova, 2011. Canine and human dirofilariosis in the rostov region (Southern Russia). Vet. Med. Int., 10.4061/2011/685713

Knight, D.H., 1987. Heartworm infection. Vet. Clin. North. Am. Small Anim. Pract., 17: 1463-1518.
PubMed  |  

Knott, J., 1939. A method for making microfilarial surveys on day blood. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hygiene, 33: 191-196.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Ko, B.R.D., M.H. Na, M.S. Jang, J.Y. Kim, S.D. Park and D.P. Seon, 2007. Investigation of canine dirofilariasis and brucellosis in free roaming dogs from public animal selthers in Gwangju area. Korean J. Vet. Serv., 30: 155-164.

Labarthe, N. and J. Guerrero, 2005. Epidemiology of heartworm: What is happening in South America and Mexico?. Vet. Parasitol., 133: 149-156.
CrossRef  |  

Lefkaditis, M., S. Koukeri and V. Kozma, 2010. An endemic area of Dirofilaria immitis seropositive dogs at the Eastern foothills of Mt Olympus, Northern Greece. J. Helminthol., 47: 3-7.
CrossRef  |  

Merawin, L.T., A.K. Arifah, R.A. Sani, M.N. Somchit, Z. Ahmad, S. Ganabadi and Z.A. Zakaria, 2010. Screening of microfilaricidal effects of plant extracts against Dirofilaria immitis. Res. Vet. Sci., 88: 142-147.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Mupanomunda, M., J.F. Williams, C.D. Mackenzie and L. Kaiser, 1997. Dirofilaria immitis: heartworm infection alters pulmonary artery endothelial cell behavior. J. Applied Phisiol., 82: 389-398.
Direct Link  |  

Mylonakis, M.E., E. Papadopoulus, A.F. Koutinas, C. Paitaki and L. Leontides, 2004. Comparative methodology for the detection and differentiation of circulating microfilariae of Dirofilaria immitis in the dog. J. Helminthol., 78: 137-140.
CrossRef  |  

Niwetpathomwat, A., M. Kaewthamasorn, S. Tiavsirisup, S. Techamgansuvan and S. Suvarnvibhaja, 2007. A retrospective study of the clinical hematology and the serum biochemistry tests made on canine dirofilariasis cases in an animal hospital population in Bangkok, Thailand. Res. Vet. Sci., 82: 364-369.
CrossRef  |  

Otranto, D. and F. Dantas-Torres, 2010. Canine and feline vector-borne diseases in Italy: Current situation and perspectives. Parasites Vectors, Vol. 3. 10.1186/1756-3305-3-2

Pampiglioni, S., F. Rivasi and A. Gustinelli, 2009. Dirofilarial human cases in the old world, attributed to Dirofilaria immitis: A critical analisis. Histopathology, 54: 192-204.
PubMed  |  

Poppert, S., H. Maike, A. Krueguer, G. Hegasy, W. Niesen, W.V. Kern and E. Tannich, 2009. Dirofilaria repens infection and concomitant meningoencephalitis. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 15: 1844-1846.

Ranjbard, B.S., A. Eslami and S. Bokaic, 2007. Evaluation of differents methods for diagnosis of Dirofilariasis immitis. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 10: 1938-1940.
PubMed  |  

Rapti, D. and S. Rehbein, 2010. Seroprevalence of canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection in Albania. Parasitol. Res., 107: 481-485.
PubMed  |  

Razi, J.M.H., A.R. Alborzi, R. Avizeh and B. Mosallanejad, 2010. A study on Dirofilaria immitis in healthy urban dogs from Ahvaz, Iran. Iran. J. Vet. Res., 11: 357-362.

Reisenman, C.E., G. Lawrence, P.G. Guerenstein, T. Gregory, E. Dotson and J.G. Hidebrand, 2010. Infection of kissing bugs with Trypanosoma cruzi, Tucson, Arizona, USA. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 16: 400-405.
Direct Link  |  

Roth, L., L. Brown, S. Brum, L. Foster, M. Nelson, D. Reczeck and D. Von Schantz, 1993. Comparison of three diagnostic tests for Dirofilaria immitis in a low-incidence area. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 5: 647-648.
PubMed  |  

SAS, 2003. User's Guide. Statistical Analysis System Inc., Carey, North Carolina, USA., Pages: 115.

Sathyan, P., P. Manikandan, M. Bhaskar, S. Padma, G. Singh and B. Appalaraju, 2006. Subtenons infection by Dirofilaria repens. Indian J. Med. Microbiol., 24: 61-62.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Wang, C.L., 1998. Evaluation of Quantitative Buffy Coat analisys in the detection of canine Dirofilaria immitis infection: a model to determine its effectiveness in the diagnosis of human filariasis. Parasitol. Res., 84: 246-248.
PubMed  |  

Wisely, S.M., J. Howard, S.A. Williams, O. Bain, R.M. Santymire, K.D. Bardsley and E.S. Williams, 2008. An unidentified filarial species and its impact on fitness in wild populations of the black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes). J. Wildlife Dis., 44: 53-64.
PubMed  |  

Yaman, M., M. Guzel, I.S. Koltas, M. Demirkazik and H. Aktas, 2009. Prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs from Hatay province, Turkey. J. Helminthol., 83: 255-260.
PubMed  |  

Yildirim, A., A. Ica, O. Atalay, O. Duzlu and A. Inci, 2007. Prevalence and epidemiological aspects of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs from Kayseri Province, Turkey. Res. Vet. Sci., 82: 358-363.
CrossRef  |