References

Bakos, Z., K. Voros, T. Jarvinen and J. Reiczigel, 2002. Two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiographic measurements of cardiac dimensions in healthy Standardbred trotters. Acta Vet. Hung., 50: 273-282.
CrossRef  |  

Buhl, R., A.K. Ersbøll, L. Eriksen and J. Koch, 2004. Sources andmagnitude of variation of echocardiographicmeasurements in normal Standardbred horses. Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound, 45: 505-512.
CrossRef  |  

Buhl, R., A.K. Ersbøll, L. Eriksen and J. Koch, 2005. Changes over time inechocardiographic measurements in young Standardbredracehorses undergoing training and racing and association with racing performance. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 226: 1881-1887.
CrossRef  |  

Kienle, R.D., 1998. Echocardiography. In: Small Animal Cardiovascular Medicine, Kittleson, M.D. and R.D. Kienle (Eds.). Mosby, St. Louis, pp: 95-117.

Kriz, N.G. and R.J. Rose, 1996. Effect of detraining on cardiac dimensionsand indices of cardiac function in horses. Proc. Annu. Conv. Am. Assoc. Equine Pract., 42: 96-97.

Kriz, N.G. and R.J. Rose, 2002. Repeatability of standard transthoracicechocardiographic measurements in horses. Aust. Vet. J., 80: 362-370.
CrossRef  |  

Kriz, N.G., D.R. Hodgson and R.J. Rose, 2000. Changes in cardiac dimensionsand indices of cardiac function during deconditioningin horses. Am. J. Vet. Res., 61: 1553-1560.
CrossRef  |  

Lombard, C.W., M. Evans, L. Martin and J. Tehrani, 1984. Blood pressure,electrocardiogram and echocardiogram measurements inthe growing pony foal. Equine Vet. J., 16: 342-347.
CrossRef  |  

Long, K.J., 1992. Two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography. Equine Vet. Educ., 4: 303-310.
CrossRef  |  

Long, K.J., J.D. Bonagura and P.G. Darke, 1992. Standardised imagingtechnique for guided M-mode and Doppler echocardiographyin the horse. Equine Vet. J., 24: 226-235.
CrossRef  |  

Nautrup, C. and R. Tobias, 2001. An Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Ultrasonography of the Dog and Cat. 1st Edn., Manson Publishing/The Veterinary Press, UK., pp: 136-137.

Patteson, M.W., 1999. Two-Dimensional and M-Mode Echocardiography. In: Cardiology of the Horse, Marr, C.M. (Ed.). W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp: 93-116.

Pipers, F.S. and R.L. Hamlin, 1977. Echocardiography in the horse. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 170: 815-819.
PubMed  |  

Reef, V.B., 1998. Cardiovascular Ultrasonography. In: Equine Diagnostic Ultrasound, Reef, V.B. (Ed.). W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp: 215-72.

Reef, V.B., K. Lalezari, J. De Boo, A.J. van der Belt, P.A. Spencer and K.J. Dik, 1989. Pulsed-wave Doppler evaluation of intracardiacblood flow in 30 clinically normal Standardbred horses. Am. J. Vet. Res., 50: 75-83.
PubMed  |  

Sisson, D. and D. Schaeffer, 1991. Changes in linear dimensions of theheart, relative to body weight, as measured by M-modeechocardiography in growing dogs. Am. J. Vet. Res., 52: 1591-1596.
PubMed  |  

Slater, J.D. and M.E. Herrtage, 1995. Echocardiographic measurementsof cardiac dimensions in normal ponies and horses. Equine Vet. J., 15: 28-32.
PubMed  |  

Wyatt, H. and J.H. Mitchell, 1974. Influences of physical training on theheart of dogs. Circ. Res., 35: 883-889.
Direct Link  |  

Zucca, E., F. Ferrucci, C. Croci, V. Di Fabio, M. Zaninelli and E. Ferro, 2008. Echocardiographic measurement of cardiac dimensions in normal standardbred racehorses. J. Vet. Car., 10: 45-51.
CrossRef  |