Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

Year: 2019
Volume: 14
Issue: 8 SI
Page No. 10341 - 10348

The Validity of Sandstone Powder of Injana Formation-Upper Miocene in Karbala Governorate for the Purposes of Concrete Industry

Authors : Farah A. Alsaady and Jaffar H. Alzubaydi

Abstract: The results of the physical tests by the grain grading of sandstone samples of the study site showed that most of them are in conform with the requirements of the Iraqi Standard (IQS45/1984), so, they can be used for concrete purposes in their natural state. The results of the specific gravity and absorption ratio of the samples of the study sites showed that they conform to the requirements of the Iraqi and British standard specifications that the values of the specific gravity are between (2.3-2.4). Most of the results of the laboratory tests of the durability test for the soundness test of the samples of the study sites showed their suitability with the requirements of the specifications required for the cement concrete works according to the Iraqi Standard (IQS45/1984) and (ASTM C88-05, 2004). As for the physical tests of cement, the results of the laboratory test showed that the specific surface area (Blane method) exceeded the lower limit of Iraqi Standard (IQS45/1984) where it was (383 m2 kg-1) which was within the limits of the standard as for the setting time (vacate apparatus), the initial setting was 3 h and 40 min and was within the limits of the Standard Iraqi (IQS45/1984) and the secondary setting was 4 h and 10 min also was within the limits of the standard above. As for the compressive strength for (3, 7 days) were within the limits of the above standard which was estimated at (3 days) (288 kg cm-2) and at the age of (7 days) was (342 kg cm-2). As for the results of the compressive strength tests, the compressive strength values of the concrete cubes that were created from the study sites samples were shown according to the mixture (1:2:4) and the mixture (1:1.5:3) approximation of the compressive strength values of the samples of sites study as a result of convergence of density of aggregates used in the construction of the concrete mixture and according to the British Standard. The highest value for density was (2410 kg m-3), the lowest value for density was (2200 kg m-3), the highest compressive strength was (22.5 MPa) and the lowest compressive strength value was (19.5l MPa) (1:2:4) mixing. The highest density (2450 kg m-3) and the lowest density (2420 kg m-3). The compressive strength was the highest value (55.5 N mm-2) and the lowest value (49 N mm-2).The compressive strength values of the (28 day) concrete cubes are considered to be good for the concrete is unarmed. The results of the mineral and petrographic tests of the sandstone powder sample of the area of the study showed that they contain a group of primary metals that play a large role in the permanence and stability of the concrete (quartz, gypsum, Alpite, calcite). As for the results of the chemical analysis of the tests (organic matter, gypsum content, sulphate content), it was found to be suitable for the requirements for use in the concrete work according to British Standard (B.S. 1337-1990, test 3).

How to cite this article:

Farah A. Alsaady and Jaffar H. Alzubaydi, 2019. The Validity of Sandstone Powder of Injana Formation-Upper Miocene in Karbala Governorate for the Purposes of Concrete Industry. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 14: 10341-10348.

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