Abstract: Due to the fierce competition on the international marketplace, especially, on the cashew kernel exports, this study aims at strengthening the export competitiveness of Vietnam cashew kernel to make it sustainably developed in such business environment. By using theoretical basis for the analysis and assessment of the current competitiveness against other key players like Brazil, India or West Africa, it is found that Vietnam is the largest exporter of cashew kernel in the world and has favorable natural conditions, climate, abundant and cheap labour forces for the development of cashew kernel industry, however, there are still several weaknesses to be remedied such as low cashew kernel quality, low value added, low food hygiene and food safety, low product diversity, poor distribution channel, etc. the export competitiveness of Vietnam cashew kernels should be further strengthened to gain better competitive advantages for the time being. Thus, some policy implications have been proposed in this study to strengthen its export competitiveness.