Abstract: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) can be associated with significant morbidity after renal transplantation. While, the use of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis has dramatically reduced the incidence of UTI after renal transplantation over the past decades, rates of serious complications associated with UTI, such as bacterial septicemia, remain high for post transplantation patients even in the modern era. However, late post transplantation UTI has been widely considered as benign based on relatively small studies. The majority of transplant centers administers prophylactic antibiotics post transplantation, but most generally stop antibiotic prophylaxis 6 months after transplantation. However, emerging concepts from recent studies suggest that UTI, even if late after renal transplantation, has definite risks, suggesting that this clinical entity may not be as "benign" as previously supposed. A total of 185 midstream urine samples were collected in sterile containers from patient with kidney transplantation. With standard calibrated loop delivering 0.01 mL of urine was inoculated on Blood agar and EMB agar and incubated aerobically at 37�C for 24-48 h. Urinary tract infection was diagnosed by growth of at least 100000 colony-forming units of a urinary tract pathogen per milliliter in a culture of a midstream urine sample. Any specimen containing high colony counts with more than one species of bacteria in asymptomatic patient was considered contamination. Identification of bacterial pathogens was made on the basis of gram reactions, morphology and biochemical characteristics. Total 185 kidney transplantation patient studied, of whom 52 (28.10%) were identified to have asymptomatic bacteriuria. In present study, the most common isolate was E. coli 33 (56.89%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 13 (22.41%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5 (8.62%), Proteus mirabilis 3 (5.17%), Citrobacter freundii 3 (5.17%) and Staphylococcus aureus 1(1.72%). UTIs are a frequent problem after kidney transplantation. In the long-term, UTIs should be considered as a potential risk for poorer graft outcomes. In this study, the incidence of UTIs was 31.35% among renal transplant recipients, with E coli as the most common cause. While ureteral double-J catheter and female gender were the risk factors for UTI, female gender was the only independent risk factor.