Abstract: The study is dedicated to analysis of peculiar features of the social partnership in the labor disputes management in the Russian Federation. The social dialogue in the conditions of increase in volume, complication of the structure, enhancement of various links and kinds of the labor relations becomes the important mechanism ensuring mutual understanding between the parties of the social partnership. A social dialogue represents a specific kind of communication between the social partners aimed at searching for mutually acceptable solutions and settlement of labor disputes. The study specifies the criteria of efficiency of the social partnership in the labor disputes management performed by means of a social dialogue suggesting the use of different conciliation procedures. The legislative framework of formation of the social partnership system in the Russian Federation as well as the activity of the social partnership parties (employees, employers and the state) as well as their representatives are analyzed. The own criteria are used for estimation of their performance. The study shows that social partnership and social dialogue promote to socialization of labor relations, improvement of the labor life quality as well as to further development of the civil society.