Abstract: Indonesian law recognizes the Islamic arbitration which is so called as Sharia Arbitration. This recognition is regarded as a new attempt to settle the economic disputes (Muamalah). The development of economic activities and sharia based business in the Islamic communityof Indonesia needs the Sharia arbitration. It is a kind of settlement forum outside the religious court which is agreed by the parties. The existence of sharia arbitration is stipulated in Law No. 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution and the National Sharia Arbitration Board (Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional-BASYARNAS). This forum is under the organization of Indonesian Council of Ulama (Majelis Ulama Indonesia-MUI). The Sharia Arbitration of Indonesia has affected the principal rules and operational patterns for the economic disputes and resolutions among the Islamic community of Indonesia. It recommends the widely implementation of Sharia Arbitration of Indonesia in the settlement of economic disputes.