Abstract: The current economic situation in the European Union changes the type of unemployment in recent years. Structural unemployment is aggravated by cyclical unemployment. The human capital theory assumes that investments in education increase worker productivity which leads to the growth of salary and to the reduction of unemployment risk. The study addresses the recessional economic developments in the Czech Republic and unemployment rate of the economically active population associated therewith. The objective is to chart the development of the basic indicator of the functioning of the economy and to identify the types of unemployment by educational groups (ISCED) in the Czech Republic by the Hodrick-Prescott filter. The statistical data are modeled in a graph through the software EViews.