Abstract: A study was conducted to detect the presence of antibodies to Brucella abortus in the sera of indigenous chickens in 4 villages in Botswana. A total of 220 serum samples were collected from Sebele, Mmopane, Bokaa and Oodi locations. Two out of 220 serum samples had demonstrable antibodies to B. abortus by the Rose Bengal plate test. Only one out of 220 samples was positive in the more sensitive Brucella serum agglutination test. The results of the study suggest that avian brucellosis is present in the indigenous chickens. The public health significance of the disease is highlighted and control measures suggested.