Abstract: This study investigated the effects of an oral health education on oral health of maladaptive school children. For this study, 20 fifth-grade students who were classified as being maladaptive were randomly assigned to the study group and 20 to the control group and oral health education was conducted for 5 weeks. Subsequently, the oral health knowledge oral health behaviors and dental plaque management index before and after oral health education were analyzed. After the 5 weeks oral health education program oral health knowledge oral health behaviors and dental plaque management index increased significantly more in the experimental group than in the control group (p<0.01) and the effects were maintained 4 weeks after the test was finished (p<0.05). In conclusion oral health education seems to be an effective method of improving oral health behaviors and dental plaque management index of maladaptive school children. Future, research will need to develop systematic and standardized oral health education.