Abstract: The characteristic of existing soil at the construction site is not always totally suitable for supporting structures especially when deals with soft yielding ground. Some kind of special ground improvement is required to ensure the embankments constructed on them are stable and strong without risking excessive settlement and bearing failure. Innovative use of lightweight fill material can meet the geotechnical challenges posed by soft yielding ground because it offers an attractive solution to reduce settlement. Once the stress on the subsoil can be reduced, the settlement will also reduce or eliminate all together if the road embankment is constructed out of fill material lighter than that of soil. Alternative construction technology by lightweight fill material is not a new concept; it is well-established in construction sectors, since, 1990’s to meet the challenges of yielding ground. This study is critically reviewed the alternative lightweight fills used in current road construction which may be promising low cost and effective soil improvement.