Abstract: This study examined the relationship between availability of resources and pupils` learning outcome in primary schools in Ekiti State, Nigeria. A descriptive research design was adopted in the study. A questionnaire and inventory format designed by the researchers were used to collect data from a sample of 300 primary school head-teachers randomly selected from 935 primary schools in the State. The data collected were analysed using frequency counts, percentage scores and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. All the 4 null hypotheses raised were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that availability of resources, human resources, instructional materials and physical facilities were not significantly related to pupils` learning outcome. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the resources made available to the primary schools should be efficiently utilized in order to improve pupils` learning outcome.