Abstract: Segregation distortion is commonly encountered in actual genetic mapping populations which skews the frequency of genotypes from their Mendelian expectations. Segregation distortion is increasingly recognized as a potentially powerful evolutionary force and would affect the construction of genetic linkage map. In this study, the features influencing factors and causes of segregation distortion as well as the effects of segregation distortion on QTL mapping and the research progress of segregation distortion in plants were summarized which would provide useful reference for the further researches.