Abstract: The study is devoted to the interaction between organizational culture factors, macroeconomic and microeconomic nature. According to the researchers, microeconomic factors have a decisive influence on the culture of organization. Researchers carried out a comparative analysis of the culture of Russian and Argentine companies, through the use of different methods by which they identify the impact of national mentality and other characteristics on organizational culture and the culture of communications. The research study implies the need to introduce the term “regional culture” in relation to modern Russia. This study confirms the assertion that the type of activity and the nature of the competitive environment of the enterprise are the most significant factors in determining the type of the organizational culture of the firm.