Abstract: An epidemiological survey of the prevalence of haematuria using Combi test strips was undertaken among 894 primary school children aged 6-14 years in Imesi-Ile rural community in Osun State of Nigeria, in order to identify those with such renal disorder. Haematuria was present in 48 (5.37%) out of the entire pupils` population. Causes identified for haematuria were schitosomiasis in 46, acute glomerulonephritis in 1 and sickle cell anaemia in another one. The serum proteins, electrolytes and creatinine levels were within normal limits in all these pupils with haematuria except in 2 with hypoalbuminaemia and another 5 with elevated gammaglobulin levels. Causes of haematuira in this study were largely due to infestation with schistosoma haematobium. Control measures against schistosomiasis are advocated.