Abstract: This study reveals whether the social behavior of 4 and 5 year old pre-schoolers is affected by age, gender, number of siblings, time spent at school and mother�s employment status. A total of 200, 4 and 5 year old children attending independent pre-schools affiliated to the Ministry of Education in Ankara city center were included in the study. Data about the children and families was gathered through the General Information Form prepared by the researchers. Children�s social behavior scores were measured by using Behavior Ranking Scale. The results showed that age, gender and mother�s employment status created a meaningful difference (p<0.05) in the cooperation and social relationships dimensions of 4 and 5 year olds social behavior scores.