Abstract: This study is a research on the transformation of pharmacology in the Islamic civilization (7th-10th centuries AD). Its purpose is to expose the development and progress in this field. The objective is to highlight the factors which led to transformation in this field. The research method used is content analysis by examining sources on pharmacology in the Islamic civilization to obtain information on the extent of transformation which had occurred in this field. Results analysis shows that the transformation of pharmacology did occur in the Islamic civilization. It began with a focus on only pharmacotherapy and extended to the rise of the fields of pharmacy, pharmaceuticals and toxicology. Results analysis also shows that the transformation of pharmacology occurred because of six factors. The first factor was the great increase in demand for medicine in the market. Second was the extreme curiosity about pharmacology. Third was the maturity of professionals in this field. The fourth factor was the royal patronage and commands issued by the rulers. Fifth was the translation movement which occurred in the Muslim world and the sixth factor was the development in other fields of knowledge.