Abstract: This study deals with the problems of Virgin and Fallow lands development using the labor of political repression victims and the special settlers during the implementation of the Soviet Union’s ambitious project within the Northern Kazakhstan. The active use of Gulag prisoners cheap labor for the solution of economic problems was a fairly common matter for the Soviet power. A Virgin Land was not an exception. The researchers rely on unpublished materials of various departmental and state archives, the published sources and narratives, the methods of historical descriptions and specific analysis are used.