Abstract: In the situation of increasing competition and rapidly changing social and economic conditions themes of the study become urgent due to the necessity of scientific substantiation of the ways to increase development stability of depressed rural settlements of mountainous regions of the North Caucasus as the basis for the growth of the quality of life of the rural population. The proposed scientific hypothesis is confirmed by variability of socio-economic and even political problems of rural areas of the North Caucasus, the existing imbalance of mountain region development, an unusually high level of differentiation of the population living standard.