Abstract: The study considers the topical issues of the modern conceptology in particular, the being and representation of gender concepts in a language. The study provides the linguo-culturological analysis of paroemias containing concepts falling within the, general conceptual term ‘family’ mother-in-law, father-in-law, widower, widow (wdowa-wdowiec) in the Russian and Polish languages. The performed linguo-culturological analysis of conceptual terms relating to the general concept ‘family’ has proved that there is some dialogue between the two Slavic languages and cultures.