Abstract: The article discusses the problem of singularity of the system of psychological factors that influence the victimization of deviant adolescents in the present social environment. Here are presented the results of comparative studies of the factors of victimization behavior divided in two subgroups: adolescents with prosocial behavior and adolescents with deviant behavior. It is shown that adolescents with deviant behavior have qualitative and quantitative characteristics on psychological factors of victimization behavior that are inadequate self-esteem, high aggressiveness, self-destructivebehavior, unstable emotional background. It is stated the necessity of creating a special system of victimological prophylaxis in educational institutions, especially in rehabilitation centers.