Abstract: The task of the article is to identify and demonstrate regularities of economic mobilization by example of Russia’s participation in the World War I. The article briefly analyzes the historiography of the issue that shows the lack of summarizing works on this subject. It describes the main stages of economic mobilization in Russia. The analysis of processes in the economy of belligerent countries enables to identify similar features` and phenomena. The identified regularities of economic mobilization are described mostly through the activities of emergency organs established for the duration of the war.