Abstract: The extensive economic development of the Russian Far East which started in the early 17th century is continuing up to now involving various sectors and industries. In the course of this development the current sectoral structure of the Far East of Russia has been formed, its regional imbalances serving as the driving force for continued advancement and improvement. With the analysis of the various positive and negative factors influencing the development of the region, it is emphasized that the vast Far Eastern territory of the country has both all-Russian national and specific local features. Historically, several stages of the region’s economic development can be defined, each of them determined by the territorial specifics, previous achievements, national and global political and economic situation. The researcher’s approach to the evaluation of the spatial differentiation of economic structures at any given period of time can be seen as an important tool in the study of spatial features of regional economic structure transformations.