References

AOAC, 1997. Official Methods of Analysis. 16th Edn., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, MD., USA.

Arambel, M.J. and B.A. Kent, 1990. Effect of yeast culture on nutrient digestibility and milk yield response in early- to midlactation dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 73: 1560-1563.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Ciardi, C. and P. Nannipieri, 1990. A comparison of methods for measuring ATP in soil. Soil Biol. Biochem., 22: 725-727.

Dann, H.M., J.K. Drackley, G.C. McCoy, M.F. Hutjens and J.E. Garrett, 2000. Effects of yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on prepartum intake and postpartum intake and milk production of jersey cows. J. Dairy Sci., 83: 123-127.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Erasmus, L.J., P.M. Botha and A. Kistner, 1992. Effect of yeast culture supplement on production, rumen fermentation and duodenal nitrogen flow in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 75: 3056-3065.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Gomez-Alarcon R.A., C. Dudas and J.T. Huber, 1990. Influence of cultures of Aspergillus oryzae on rumen and total tract digestion of dietary components. J. Dairy Sci., 73: 703-710.
CrossRef  |  

Harrison, G.A., R.W. Hemken, K.A. Dawson, R.J. Harmon and K.B. Barker, 1988. Influence of addition of yeast culture supplement to diets of lactating cows on ruminal fermentation and microbial populations. J. Dairy Sci., 71: 2967-2975.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Huber, J.T., 1998. Yeast products help cattle handle heat. Hoard’s Dairyman, 143: 367-367.

Masek, T., Z. Mikulec, H. Valpotic, N. Antunac and N. Mikulec et al., 2008. Influence of live yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on milk production and composition and blood biochemistry of grazing dairy ewes during the milking period. Acta Vet., 77: 547-554.
CrossRef  |  

Moallem, U., H. Lehrer, L. Livshitz, M. Zachut and S. Yakoby, 2009. The effects of live yeast supplementation to dairy cows during the hot season on production, feed efficiency and digestibility. J. Dairy Sci., 92: 343-351.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Piva, G., S. Belladonna, G. Fusconi and F. Sicbaldi, 1993. Effects of yeast on dairy cow performance, ruminal fermentation, blood components and milk manufacturing properties. J. Dairy Sci., 76: 2717-2722.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Putnam, D.E., C.G. Schwab, M.T. Socha, N.I. Whitehouse, N.A. Kierstead and B.D. Garthwaite, 1997. Effect of yeast culture in the diets of early lactation dairy cows on ruminal fermentation and passage of nitrogen fractions and amino acids to the small intestine. J. Dairy Sci., 80: 374-384.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Robinson, P.H., 2002. Yeast products for growing and lactating cattle: Impacts on rumen fermentation and performance. Proceedings of the 12th International Meeting in Milk and Meat Production in Hot Climates. Mexicali, Mexico.

SPSS, 2004. SPSS 13.0 Base Users Guide. Statistical Package for Social Sciences Inc., Chicago, IL, USA.

Schingoethe, D.J., K.N. Linke, K.F. Kalscheur, A.R. Hippen, D.R. Rennich and I. Yoon, 2004. Feed efficiency of mid-lactation dairy cows fed yeast culture during summer. J. Dairy Sci., 87: 4178-4181.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Swartz, D.L., L.D. Muller, G.W. Rogers and G.A. Varga, 1994. Effect of yeast cultures on performance of lactating dairy cows: A field study. J. Dairy Sci., 77: 3073-3080.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Williams, P.E., C.A. Tait, G.M. Innes and C.J. Newbold, 1991. Effects of the inclusion of yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae plus growth medium) in the diet of dairy cows on milk yield and forage degradation and fermentation patterns in the rumen of steers. J. Anim. Sci., 69: 3016-3026.
Direct Link  |  

Wohlt, J.E., A.D. Finkelstein and C.H. Chung, 1991. Yeast culture to improve intake, nutrient digestibility and performance by dairy cattle during early lactation. J. Dairy Sci., 74: 1395-1400.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Yoon, I., G.M. Kamande, C.R. Belknap, M.A. Engstrom and M.A. Kujaiva, 2003. The role of yeast culture in transition cow nutrition. J. Dairy Sci., 86: 3803-3811.