References

Beischer, N. and E.V. Mackay, 1995. Obstetrics and the Newborn: An Illustrated Text Book. 3rd Edn., WB Saunders Co., London, pp: 160-175.

Cunningham, F.G., N.F. Gant and K.J. Levene, 2009. Williams Obstetrics. 21st Edn., The McGraw- Hill, New York, pp: 266-363.

Gupta, B., V. Nellore and S. Mittal, 2008. Drotaverine hydrochloride versus hyoscine-N-butylbromide in augmentation of labor. Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet., 100: 244-247.
PubMed  |  

Iravani, M. and H.B. Nasab, 2006. Study of the effects of intra venous injection of hyoscine on parturition (labor). J. Shahid Sadough Univ. Med. Sci. Health Serv., 13: 59-64.

Katzung, B.G., 1992. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 5th Edn., Prentice-Hall International Inc., New Jersey, ISBN: 0838505643, pp: 626-649.

Kaur, D. and R. Kaur, 2003. Comparison of drotaverine and epidosin in first stage of labour. J. Obstetrics Gynecol. India, 53: 449-452.

Mishra, S.L., A. Toshniwal and R. Banerjee, 2002. Effect of Drotaverine on cervical dilation: A comparative study with epidosin (valethamate bromide). J. Obstetrics Gynecol. India, 52: 76-79.
Direct Link  |  

Mortazavi, F. and M.H. Rakhshani, 2003. The effect of atropine, hyoscine and promethasin on duration and speed of labor progression in multi par women. J. Gorgan Univ. Med. Sci., 14: 92-96.

Qian, D. and J. Fu, 1991. Combined methods for planning labor: Injections of lidocaine and scopolamine at the cervix, induced rupture of fetal membranes and intravenous injection of oxytocin. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi, 26: 253-254.
PubMed  |  

Samuels, L.A., L. Christie, B. Roberts-Gittens, H. Fletcher and J. Frederick, 2007. The effect of hyoscine butylbromide on the first stage of labour in term pregnancies. BJOG, 114: 1542-1546.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  

Sirohiwal, D., K. Dahiya and M. De, 2005. Efficacy of hyoscine-N-butyl bromide (Buscopan) suppositories as a cervical spasmolytic agent in labour. Aust. New Zealand J. Obstetrics Gynaecol., 45: 128-129.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  

Sokol, R.J., B.A. Brindley and M.P. Dombrowski, 1994. Practical Diagnosis and Management of Abnormal Labor. J.B. Lippincott and Co., Philadelphia, PA USA., Pages: 197.

Wark, H.S., A.R. Chauhan and V.S. Raut, 2003. The efficacy of camylofin dihydrochloride in accelerating of labor: A randomized double blind trial. Bombay Hosp. J., 45: 446-448.

Willson, J.R., E.R. Carrington, R.K. Laros, W.J. Ledger and J.H. Mattox, 1999. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 9th Edn., The University of Michigan, USA., ISBN: 9780801655425, pp: 245-269.

Zafarghandi, N., 2002. Studying the effect of hyoscine on dilatation and effacement progression in multipar women gravid 2 and 3. Shahid Univ. J., 40: 47-50.

Zeinali, B., 2003. The Easy Delivery with Lamaz Method. Babazadeh Publication, Tehran, Iran, Pages: 39.