Abstract: The present young generation is accustomed to the modern technology and in view of the values of indigenous knowledge to the sustainable development, it is necessary to collect, document and preserve it. The objective of the study is to assess the indigenous control practices for pests and diseases of cocoa by farmers in Osun and Ekiti state, Nigeria. A purposive random sSampling was used to select 120 cocoa farmers. Information was elicited using interview schedule and data were analysed using frequencies, percentages and Pearson correlation. The findings showed that majority (88.3%) of the cocoa farmers was males and high percentages (92.5%) were above 40 years of age. Very high percentages (97.5%) of them were married and more than half of them (60.0%) were Muslim, 39.2% were Christians while a very low percentage (0.8%) were traditional workers. It was also find out that majority (95.8%) of the cocoa farmers are without formal education and a high percentage (85.8%) was with farming experience of not less than fifteen years. There exits significant relationship between the use of indigenous control method and age (r = 0.6950, p = 0.05) and farming experience (r = 0.1079 p = 0.05 ). The results further shows that retaining of over shade trees and use of local deities are the indigenous control methods used in controlling capsid disease of cocoa. Use of shade trees, cutting out the affected trees and hand picking the mealy bugs are used to control swollen shoot virus disease. Weeding, pruning, harvesting the affected pods and opening the pods outside the plantation are the control methods used in controlling black pod disease. Harvesting of cocoa pods immediately when ripe is mainly the indigenous control method of Warty pod disease. Use of dry touch light batteries, "fufu" (food item) and vibration are use in controlling termites. Use of pineapple leaves, raw fruits of pawpaw, wood ash, trapping and cleaning of cocoa plantation are the methods used in controlling rodents. An overwhelming number of the farmers attested that the indigenous control methods used are effective but very low percentage often use it and a good number of them obtained information about it from their grand parents, parents and friends It is recommended that indigenous crop protection measures should be oriented to fit agricultural process by blending it with modern agriculture to achieve a sustainable agriculture. Also, there should be immediate steps to collect, document and preserve the indigenous control methods.