References

APHA, 1980. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 15th Edn., APHA Inc., Washington, DC., USA., Pages: 1076.

APHA, 1985. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water. 16th Edn., APHA Inc., Washington, DC., USA., Pages: 1268.

Adakole, J.A. and S. Lawan, 2011. Toxicity of urea fertilizer to fingerlings of Clarias gariepinus and associated behavioural changes. Niger. J. Fish., 8: 163-167.

Adakole, J.A., 2006. Acute toxicity of metal-finishing company waste water to Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. J. Aquat. Sci., 20: 69-73.
Direct Link  |  

Annune, P.A., A.A. Oladimeji and S. Ebele, 1991. Acute toxicity of zinc to the fingerling of C. lazer and O. niloticus. J. Aquat. Sci., Vol. 16.

Babatunde, M.M., 2008. Acute toxicity of Galex (Metolachlor) on O. niloticus. Proceedings of 23rd Annual Conference of Fisheries Society of Nigeria, October 26-30, 2008, Kaduna, Nigeria -.

Babatunde, M.M., A.A. Oladimeji and J.K. Balogun, 2001. Acute toxicity of gramoxone to Oreochromis niloticus (Trewavas) in Nigeria. Water Air Soil Pollut., 131: 1-10.
CrossRef  |  

Bobmanuel, N.O.K., Gabriel, U.U. and I.K.E. Ekweozor, 2006. Direct toxic assessment of treated fertilizer effluents to Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias gariepinus and catfish hybrid (Heterobranchus bidorsalis♂ × Clarias gariepinus♀). Afr. J. Biotechnol., 5: 635-642.
Direct Link  |  

Chinabut, S., C. Limsuwan and S. Chanakhan, 1978. Toxic and sub lethal effects of Dipterex on freshwater fisheries. The Network of Aquaculture Centers in Asia-Pacific (NACA), Bangkok, Thailand, NACA/WP/96/57, pp: 20.

Dick, P.T. and D.G. Dixon, 1985. Changes in circulating blood cells levels of rainbow trout, Salmo gairderi, following acute and chronic explosive to copper. J. Fish. Biol., 26: 475-481.

Koesoemadinata, S., 1980. Pesticides as a Major Constraint to Integrated Agriculture-Aquaculture Farming System. In: Integrated Agriculture-aquaculture Farming Systems, Pullin, R.S.V. and Z.H. Shehadeh (Eds.). WorldFish, Manila, Philippines, pp: 45-51.

Malsumura, E., 1975. Markets for frozen small pelagic fish. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. 221:FI/T, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy.

Mayer, F.L. and J.L. Hamelink, 1977. Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Evaluation. ASTM International, USA., ISBN-13: 9780803102781, Pages: 307.

Morgan, H.G., 1976. Sub lethal effects of diazon on stream invertebrates. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada.

Ofojekwu, P.C., C.D. Nwani and R.E. Ihere, 2008. Acute toxicity of urea fertilizer to Tilapia zilli fingerlings. Bio Res., 6: 298-300.
Direct Link  |  

Oloruntuyi, O.O., O. Mulero and B. Odukale, 1992. The effects of round up and gramoxone on C. gariepinus. Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference on Fisheries Society of Nigeria, November 16-20, 1992, Abeokuta, Nigeria, pp: 173-177.

Omoregie, E. and E.B.C. Ufodike, 1991. Histopathology of Oreochromis niloticus niloticus exposed to Actellic 25 EC. J. Aquat. Sci., 6: 13-17.

Pal, A.K. and S.K. Konar, 1987. Long-term effects of organophosphorus insecticide methyl parathion on fish. Environ. Ecol., 5: 564-571.

Pickering, Q.H., C. Henderson and A.E. Lemke, 1962. The toxicity of organic phosphorus insecticides to different species of warmwater fishes. Trans. Am. Fish Soc., 91: 175-184.
CrossRef  |  

Rosenthal, H. and D.F. Alderdice, 1976. Sublethal effects of environmental stressors, natural and pollutional on Marine fish eggs and larvae. J. Fish Res. Board Can., 33: 2047-2065.

Sado, E.K., 1986. Fish feed formulation: A simple approach. Kainji Lake Research Institue, New Bussa, Nigeria.

Sprague, J.B., 1971. Measurement of pollutant toxicity to fish-III: Sublethal effects and safe concentrations. Water Res., 5: 245-266.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Summers, L.A., 1980. The bipyridinium herbicides. Department of Chemistry, University of California, USA.

Weldel, H. and M. Russo, 1979. Monatch Chem./3, 850. In: The Use and Significance of Pesticides in the Environment, McEwen, F.L. and G.R. Stephenson (Eds.). Wiley, New York, ISBN: 9780471039037.

Woltering, D.M., 1984. The growth response in fish chronic and early life stage toxicity tests: A critical review. Aquat. Toxicol., 5: 1-21.
CrossRef  |