References

Barr, F.A. and B. Short, 2003. Golgins in the structure and dynamics of the Golgi apparatus. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 15: 405-413.
CrossRef  |  

Clermont, Y. and X.M. Tang, 1985. Glycoprotein synthesis in the Golgi apparatus of spermatids during spermiogenesis of the rat. Anat. Rec., 213: 33-43.
PubMed  |  

Dagan, Y. and L. Ayalon, 2005. Case study: psychiatric misdiagnosis of non-24-hours sleep-wake schedule disorder resolved by melatonin. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 44: 1271-1275.
CrossRef  |  

Elmegeed, G.A., W.K. Khalil, A.A. Raouf and M.M. Abd-Elhalim, 2008. Synthesis and in vivo anti-mutagenic activity of novel melatonin derivatives. Eur. J. Med. Chem., 43: 763-770.
CrossRef  |  

Glauret, A.M. and P.R. Lewis, 1998. Biophysical, Specimen Preparation for Transmission Electron Microscopy. 17th Edn.. Parhand Press, London.

Gultekin, F., N. Delibas, S. Yasar and I. Kilinc, 2001. In vivo changes in antioxidant systems and protective role of melatonin and a combination of vitamin C and vitamin E on oxidative damage in erythrocytes induced by chlorpyrifos-ethyl in rats. Arch. Toxicol., 75: 88-96.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Haraguchi, C.M., T. Mabuchi, S. Hirata, T. Shoda, K. Hoshi and S. Yokota, 2004. Ubiquitin signals in the developing acrosome during spermatogenesis of rat testis: An immunoelectron microscopic study. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 52: 1393-1403.
CrossRef  |  

Hess, R.A., 1990. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the stages and transitions in the cycle of the rat seminiferous epithelium; light microscopic observations of perfusion-fixed and plastic embedded testes. Biol. Reprod., 43: 525-542.
CrossRef  |  

Hiebert, S.M., S.A. Green and S.M. Yellon, 2006. Daily timed melatonin feedings mimic effects of short days on testis regression and cortisol in circulation in Siberian hamsters. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol., 146: 211-216.
CrossRef  |  

Hild, S.A., J.R. Reel, M.J. Dykstra, P.C. Mann and G.R. Marshall, 2007. Acute adverse effects of the indenopyridine CDB-4022 on the ultrastructure of Sertoli cells, spermatocytes, and spermatids in rat testes: Comparison to the known Sertoli cell toxicant Di-n-pentylphthalate (DPP). J. Androl., 28: 621-629.
CrossRef  |  

Kierszenbaum, A.L. and L.L. Tres, 2004. The acrosome-acroplaxome-manchette complex and the shaping of the spermatid head. Arch. Histol. Cytol., 67: 271-284.
PubMed  |  

Kierszenbaum, A.L., E. Rivkin and L.L. Tres, 2003. Acroplaxome, an F-actin-keratin-containing plate, anchors the acrosome to the nucleus during shaping of the spermatid head. Mol. Biol. Cell., 14: 4628-4640.
CrossRef  |  

Koster-Van Hoffen, G.C., M. Mirmiran, N.P. Bos, W. Witting, P. Delagrange and B. Guardiola-Lemaitre, 1993. Effects of a novel melatonin analog on circadian rhythms of body temperature and activity in young, middle-aged and old rats. Neurobiol. Aging., 14: 565-569.
CrossRef  |  

Lang, U., R.W. Rivest, L.V. Schlaepfer, J.C. Bradtke, M.L. Aubert and P.C. Sizonenko, 1984. Diurnal rhythm of melatonin action on sexual maturation of male rats. Neuroendcrinol., 38: 261-268.
PubMed  |  

Leblond, C.P. and Y. Clermont, 1952. Spermiogenesis of rat, mouse, hamster and guinea pig as revealed by the periodic acid-fuchsin sulfurous acid technique. Am. J. Anat., 90: 167-215.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Lin, Y.N., A. Roy, W. Yan, K.H. Burns and M. Matzuk, 2007. Loss of zona pellucida binding proteins in the acrosomal matrix disrupts acrosome biogenesis and sperm morphogenesis. Mol. Cell Biol., 27: 6794-6805.
CrossRef  |  

Lodish, H., D. Baltimore, A. Berk, S.L. Zipursky, P. Matsudaira and J. Darnell, 1995. Microtubules and Intermediate Filaments. In: Molecular Cell Biology, Lodish, H., D. Baltimore, A. Berk, S.L. Zipursky, P. Matsudaira and J. Darnell (Eds.). Scientific American Books, New York, pp: 991-1054.

Lupashin, V. and E. Sztul, 2005. Golgi tethering factors. BBA.-Mol. Cell Res., 1744: 325-339.

Miyamoto, A., J. Oki, S. Takahashi and A. Okuno, 1999. Serum melatonin kinetics and long-term melatonin treatment for sleep disorders in Rett syndrome. Brain Dev., 21: 59-62.
CrossRef  |  

Moreno, R.D., J. Palomino and G. Schatten, 2006. Assembly of spermatid acrosome depends on microtubule organization during mammalian spermiogenesis. Dev. Biol. Lett., 293: 218-227.

Moreno, R.D., J. Ramalho-Santos, P. Sutovsky, E.K. Chan and G. Schatten, 2000. Vesicular traffic and Golgi apparatus dynamics during mammalian spermatogenesis: Implications for acrosome architecture. Biol. Reprod., 63: 89-98.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Muffly, K.E., S.J. Nazian and D.F. Cameron, 1994. Effects of follicle stimulating hormone on the junction-related Sertoli cell cytoskeleton and daily sperm production in testosterone-treated hypophysectomized rats. Biol. Reprod., 51: 158-166.
PubMed  |  

Nakai, M. and R.A. Hess, 1997. Effects of carbendazim (methyl 2-benzimid-azole carbamate; MBC) on meiotic spermatocytes and the subsequent spermiogenesis in the rat testis. Anat. Rec., 247: 379-387.
PubMed  |  

Nakai, M., K. Toshimori, K. Yoshinaga, T. Nasu and R.A. Hess, 1998. Carbendazim-induced abnormal development of the acrosome during early phases of spermiogenesis in the rat testis. Cell Tissue Res., 294: 145-152.
CrossRef  |  

Nava, F. and G. Carta, 2001. Melatonin reduces anxiety induced by lipopolysaccharide in the rat. Neurosci. Lett., 307: 57-60.
CrossRef  |  

Ng, T.B. and V.E. Ooi, 1990. Effect of pineal indoles on testicular histology of mice. Arch. Androl., 25: 137-145.
PubMed  |  

Rao, M.L. G. Gross, B. Strebel, A. Halaris, G. Huber, P. Braunig and M. Marler, 1994. Circadian rhythm of tryptophan, serotonin, melatonin and pituitary hormones in schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiat., 53: 137-145.
Direct Link  |  

Rashed, R.M., I. Mohamed and S. El-Alfy, 2010. Effects of two doses of melatonin on the spermatogenic cells of rat testes: A light and electron microscopic study. Egypt. J. Histol., 33: 813-828.

Rissman, E.F., 1980. Prepubertal sensitivity to melatonin in male hamsters. Biol. Reprod., 22: 277-280.
CrossRef  |  

Rudeen, K., 1981. Apparent dualistic effects of twice daily melatonin administration on reproductive organs in male golden hamsters. Horm. Res., 15: 99-108.
PubMed  |  

Russell, L.D., A.W. Vogl and J.E. Weber, 1987. Actin localization in male germ cell intercellular bridges in the rat and ground squirrel and disruption of bridges by cytochalasin D. Am. J. Anat., 180: 25-40.
PubMed  |  

Russell, L.D., R.A. Ettlin, A.P. Sinha Hikim and E.D. Clegg, 1990. Histological and Histopathological Evaluation of the Testis. Cache River Press, Clearwater, Pages: 286.

Skene, D.J. and J. Arendt, 2007. Circadian rhythm sleep disorders in the blind and their treatment with melatonin. Sleep Medicine, 8: 651-655.
PubMed  |  

Susi, F.R., C.P. Leblond and Y. Clermont, 1971. Changes in the Golgi apparatus during spermiogenesis in the rat. Am. J. Anat., 130: 251-265.
CrossRef  |  

Tamarkin, L., W.K. Westrom, A.I Hamill and B.D. Goldman, 1976. Effect of melatonin on the reproductive systems of male and female Syrian hamsters: A diurnal rhythm in sensitivity to melatonin. Endocrinol., 99: 1534-1541.
CrossRef  |  

Tang, X.M., M.F. Lalli and Y. Clermont, 1982. A cytochemical study of the Golgi apparatus of the spermatid during spermiogenesis in the rat. Am. J. Anat., 163: 283-294.
PubMed  |  

Toyama, Y. and S. Yuasa, 2004. Effects of neonatal administration of 17β-estradiol, β-estradiol 3-benzoate or bisphenol A on mouse and rat spermiogenesis. Reprod. Toxicol., 19: 181-188.
CrossRef  |  

Toyama, Y., I. Hosoi, S. Ichikawa, M. Maruoka, E. Yashiro, H. Ito and S. Yuasa, 2001. β-Estradiol 3-benzoate affects spermatogenesis in the adult mouse. Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 178: 161-168.
CrossRef  |  

Toyama, Y., F. Suzuki-Toyota, M. Maekawa, C. Ito and K. Toshimori, 2004. Adverse effects of bisphenol A to spermiogenesis in mice and rats. Arch. Histol. Cytol., 67: 373-381.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Valenti, S., M. Giusti, R. Guido and G. Giordano, 1997. Melatonin receptors are present in adult rat Leydig cells and are coupled through a pertussis toxin sensitive G-protein. Eur. J. Endocrinol., 136: 633-639.
PubMed  |  

Valenti, S., S. Thellung, T. Florio, M. Giusti, G. Schettini and G. Giordano, 1999. A novel mechanism for the melatonin inhibition of testosterone secretion by rat Leydig cells: Reduction of GnRH-induced increase in cytosolic Ca²⁺. J. Mol. Endocrinol., 23: 299-306.
PubMed  |  

Vanecek, J., 1998. Cellular mechanisms of melatonin action. Physiol. Rev., 78: 687-721.
Direct Link  |  

Wassmer, E. and W.P. Whitehouse, 2006. Melatonin and sleep in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities and sleep disorders. Curr. Paediatr., 16: 132-138.

Yamada, K., 1992. Effects of melatonin on reproductive and accessory reproductive organs in male rats. Pharm. Bull., 40: 1066-1068.
PubMed  |  

Yilmaz, B., S. Kutlu, R. Mogulkoc, S. Canpolat, S. Sandal, B. Tarakci and H. Kelestimur, 2000. Melatonin inhibits testosterone secretion by acting at hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis in the rat Neuroendocrinol. Lett., 21: 301-306.
PubMed  |