References

AOAC., 2002. Official Methods of Analysis. 17th Edn., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA., USA.

Allen, C.D., S.M. Russell and D.L. Fletcher, 1997. The relationship of broiler breast meat color and pH to shelf-life and odor development. Poult. Sci., 76: 1042-1046.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Bendall, J.R., 1979. Relations between muscle pH and important biochemical parameters during the postmortem changes in mammalian muscles. Meat Sci., 3: 143-157.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Bessman, S.P. and C.L. Carpenter, 1985. The creatine-creatine phosphate energy shuttle. Ann. Rev. Biochem., 54: 831-862.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  

Casey, A. and P.L. Greenhaff, 2000. Does dietary creatine supplementation play a role in skeletal muscle metabolism and performance? Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 72: 607S-617S.
Direct Link  |  

Casey, A., D. Constantin-Teodosiu, S. Howell, E. Hultman and P.L. Greenhaff, 1996. Creatine ingestion favorably affects performance and muscle metabolism during maximal exercise in humans. Am. J. Physiol., 271: E31-E37.
PubMed  |  

Casey, S., 2011. Creatine adapted for broiler use. Poult. World, 165: 39-39.
Direct Link  |  

Cooke, M.B., E. Rybalka, A.D. Williams, P.J. Cribb and A. Hayes, 2009. Creatine supplementation enhances muscle force recovery after eccentrically-induced muscle damage in healthy individuals. J. Int. Soc. Sports Nutr., Vol. 6. 10.1186/1550-2783-6-13

Cornforth, D.P., 1994. Color-Its Basis and Importance. In: Quality Attributes and Their Measurement in Meat, Poultry and Fish Products, Pearson, A.M. and T.R. Dutson (Eds.). Chapman and Hall, London, UK., pp: 34-78.

Froningl, G.W. and T.G. Uijttenboogaart, 1988. Effect of post-mortem electrical stimulation on color,texture, pH and cooking losses of hot and cold deboned chicken broiler breast meat. Poult. Sci., 67: 1536-1544.

Gattenlohner, S., C. Schneider, C. Thamer, R. Klein and W. Roggendorf et al., 2002. Expression of foetal type acetylcholine receptor is restricted to type 1 muscle fibres in human neuromuscular disorders. Brain, 125: 1309-1319.
CrossRef  |  

Gondret, F., L. Lefaucheur, H. Juin, I. Louveau and B. Lebret, 2006. Low birth weight is associated with enlarged muscle fiber area and impaired meat tenderness of the longissimus muscle in pigs. J. Anim. Sci., 84: 93-103.
PubMed  |  

Greenhaff, P.L., 1996. Creatine supplementation: Recent developments. Br. J. Sports Med., 30: 276-277.
PubMed  |  

Guzik, A.C., L.L. Southern, J.O. Matthews, T.D. Bidner and J.P. Ladner, 2000. Ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate and creatine effects on growth and plasma metabolites of nursery pigs. J. Anim. Sci., 78: 1022-1028.
PubMed  |  

Hultman, E., K. Soderlund, J.A. Timmons, G. Cederblad and P.L. Greenhaff, 1996. Muscle creatine loading in men. J. Applied Physiol., 81: 232-237.
PubMed  |  

James, B.W., R.D. Goodb and J.A. Unruh, 2002. Effect of creatine monohydrate on finishing pig growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 96: 135-145.

Kauffman, R.G. and B.B. Marsh, 1987. Quality Characteristics of Muscle as Food: The Science of Meat and Meat Products. Food Nutrition Press, Westport, CT., USA., pp: 356-357.

Kley, R.A., M. Vorgerd and M.A. Tarnopolsky, 2007. Creatine for treating muscle disorders. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 10.1002/14651858.CD004760.pub2

Lengerken, G., M. Wicke and S. Maak, 1997. Stress susceptibility and meat-quality situation and prospects in animal breeding and research. Arch. Anim. Breed., 40: 163-171.

Lindahl, G., J.F. Young, N. Oksbjerg and H.J. Andersen, 2006. Influence of dietary creatine rate on colour characteristics of pork loin from different pure breeds. Meat Sci., 72: 624-634.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Mihic, S., J.R. MacDonald, S. McKenzie and M.A. Tarnopolsky, 2000. Acute creatine loading increases fat-free mass, but does not affect blood pressure, plasma creatinine, or CK activity in men and women. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., 32: 291-296.
Direct Link  |  

Millet, S., K. Raes, W. Van den Broeck, S. De Smet and G.P. Janssens, 2005. Performance and meat quality of organically versus conventionally fed and housed pigs from weaning till slaughtering. Meat Sci., 69: 335-341.
CrossRef  |  

Niessen, M., T. Janssen, C. Meskers, P. Koppe, M. Konijnenbelt and D. Veeger, 2008. Kinematics of the contralateral and ipsilateral shoulder: A possible relationship with post-stroke shoulder pain. J. Rehabil. Med., 40: 482-486.
CrossRef  |  

Nissen, P.M. and J.F. Young, 2006. Creatine monohydrate and glucose supplementation to slow-and fast-growing chickens changes the postmortem pH in pectoralis major. Poult. Sci., 85: 1038-1044.
Direct Link  |  

Pettigrew, J. and M. Esnaola, 2001. Swine nutrition and pork quality: A review. J. Anim. Sci., 79: E316-E342.
Direct Link  |  

Rosenvold, K., H.C. Bertram and J.F. Young, 2007. Dietary creatine monohydrate has no effect on pork quality of Danish crossbred pigs. Meat Sci., 76: 160-164.
CrossRef  |  

Sams, A.R., D.M. Janky and M.G. Dukes, 1992. Research note: Anatomical location of application influences the tenderizing effectiveness of electrical stimulation of broiler carcasses. Poult. Sci., 71: 1564-1567.

Solomon, M.B. and M.C. Dunn, 1988. Simultaneous histochemical determination of three fiber types in single sections of ovine, bovine and porcine skeletal muscle. J. Anim Sci., 66: 255-264.
PubMed  |  

Wang, J.M., 2002. Animal Production Science: Determination of Poultry Carcass Quality. Agriculture Press, China, pp: 591-592.

Young, J.F., H.C. Bertram, P.K. Theil, A.G. Petersen and K.A. Poulsen et al., 2007. In vitro and in vivo studies of creatine monohydrate supplementation to Duroc and Landrace pigs. Meat Sci., 76: 342-351.
CrossRef  |  

Zhang, L., H.Y. Yue, H.J. Zhang, L. Xu and S.G. Wu et al., 2009. Transport stress in broilers: I. Blood metabolism, glycolytic potential and meat quality. Poult. Sci., 88: 2033-2041.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |