References

AOAC., 2000. Ash of Animal Feed. In: Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, Horwitz, W. (Ed.). 17th Edn., AOAC International, Arlington, VA., USA.

AOAC., 2000. Protein (Crude) in Animal Feed. In: Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, Horwitz, W. (Ed.). 17th Edn., AOAC International, Arlington, VA., USA.

AOCS., 2004. Rapid Determination of Oil/Fat Utilizing High Temperature Solvent Extraction (AOCS Approved Procedure Am 5-04). In: Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the AOCS, Firestone, D. (Ed.). 5th Edn., American Oil Chemists' Society, Champaign, IL., USA., ISBN-13: 9780935315974, pp: 1-3.

Alam, M.S., W.O. Watanabe, K.B. Sullivan, T.C. Rezek and P.J. Seaton, 2012. Replacement of menhaden fish meal protein by solvent-extracted soybean meal protein in the diet of juvenile black sea bass supplemented with or without squid meal, krill meal, methionine and lysine. North Am. J. Aquacult., 74: 251-265.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Arent, D., J. Barnett, G. Mosey and A. Wise, 2009. The potential of renewable energy to reduce the dependence of the state of Hawaii on oil. Proceedings of the 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, January 5-8, 2009, Big Island, HI., USA., pp: 1-11.

Badawy, T.M., E.M. Ibrahim and M.M. Zeinhom, 2008. Partial replacement of fish meal with dried microalgae (Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp.) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets. Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture, October 12-14, 2008, Cairo, Egypt, pp: 801-811.

Barrows, F.T. and J.B. Frost, 2014. Evaluation of the nutritional quality of co-products from the nut industry, algae and an invertebrate meal for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquaculture, 434: 315-324.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Becker, E.W., 2007. Micro-algae as a source of protein. Biotechnol. Adv., 25: 207-210.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Brennan, L. and P. Owende, 2010. Biofuels from microalgae: A review of technologies for production, processing and extractions of biofuels and co-products. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 14: 557-577.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

El-Sayed, A.F.M., 1992. Effects of substituting fish meal with Azolla pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Aquacult. Res., 23: 167-173.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

El-Sayed, A.F.M., 1994. Evaluation of soybean meal, spirulina meal and chicken offal meal as protein sources for silver seabream (Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings. Aquaculture, 127: 169-176.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

El-Sayed, A.F.M., 1999. Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed tilapia, Oreochromis spp. Aquaculture, 179: 149-168.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

El-Sayed, A.F.M., 2006. Tilapia Culture. 1st Edn., CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK., ISBN-13: 9781845930165, Pages: 304.

Furuya, W.M., C. Hayashi, V.R.B. Furuya, D. Botaro, L.C. da Silva and P.R. Neves, 2001. Exigencias de metionina + cistina total e digestivel para alevinos revertidos de tilapia do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), baseadas no conceito de proteina ideal [Nutritional requirements of total and digestible methionine + cystine for reversed fingerlings of the Nile tilapia Oreochromins niloticus (L.) based on the ideal protein concept]. Maringa, 23: 885-889, (In Portuguese).
Direct Link  |  

Furuya, W.M., T.S. Graciano, L.V.O. Vidal, T.O. Xavier, L.D. Gongora, J.S. Righetti and V.R.B. Furuya, 2012. Digestible lysine requirement of Nile tilapia fingerlings fed arginine-tolysine-Balanced diets. Revista Brasileira Zootecnia, 41: 485-490.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Gatlin III, D.M., F.T. Barrows, P. Brown, K. Dabrowski and T.G. Gaylord et al., 2007. Expanding the utilization of sustainable plant products in aquafeeds: A review. Aquacult. Res., 38: 551-579.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Hardy, R.W., 2010. Utilization of plant proteins in fish diets: Effects of global demand and supplies of fishmeal. Aquacult. Res., 41: 770-776.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Hussein, E.E.S., K. Dabrowski, D.M.S.D. El-Saidy and B.J. Lee, 2014. Effect of dietary phosphorus supplementation on utilization of algae in the grow-out diet of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Aquacult. Res., 45: 1533-1544.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Kiron, V., W. Phromkunthong, M. Huntley, I. Archibald and G.D. Scheemaker, 2012. Marine microalgae from biorefinery as a potential feed protein source for Atlantic salmon, common carp and whiteleg shrimp. Aquacult. Nutr., 18: 521-531.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Leung, P.S. and L. Matthew, 2008. Economic impacts of increasing Hawai'i's food self-sufficiency. Economic Issues, EI-16, Cooperative Extension Service, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resource, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, December 2008, pp: 1-7.

Maina, J.G., R.M. Beames, D. Higgs, P.N. Mbugua, G. Iwama and S.M. Kisia, 2002. Digestibility and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Aquaucult. Res., 33: 853-862.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Mensi, F., K. Jamel and E.A. Amor, 2005. Potential Use of Seaweeds in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Diets. In: Mediterranean Fish Nutrition, Montero, D., B. Basurco, I. Nengas, M. Alexis and M. Izquierdo (Eds.). CIHEAM, Zaragoza, Spain, pp: 151-154.

Mustafa, M.G. and H. Nakagawa, 1995. A review: Dietary benefits of algae as an additive in fish feed. Isr. J. Aquacult., 47: 155-162.

NRC, 2011. Nutrient Requirements of Fish and Shrimp. National Academy Press, Washington DC, USA, ISBN: 978-0-309-16338-5, Pages: 392.

Nandeesha, M.C., B. Gangadhara, T.J. Varghese and P. Keshavanath, 1998. Effect of feeding Spirulina platensis on the growth, proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. Aquacult. Res., 29: 305-312.
Direct Link  |  

Olvera-Novoa, M.A., L.J. Daminguez-Cen, L. Olivera-Castillo and C.A. Martinez-Palacios, 1998. Effect of the use of the microalga Spirulina maxima as fish meal replacement in diets for tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters), fry. Aquacult. Res., 29: 709-715.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Patterson, D. and D.M. Gatlin III, 2013. Evaluation of whole and lipid-extracted algae meals in the diets of juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Aquaculture, 416: 92-98.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Rodrigues, A.P.O., M.D.C. Gominho‐Rosa, E. Cargnin‐Ferreira, A. de Francisco and D.M. Fracalossi, 2012. Different utilization of plant sources by the omnivores jundia catfish (Rhamdia quelen) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquacult. Nutr., 18: 65-72.
CrossRef  |  

Shearer, K.D., A. Maage, J. Opstvedt and H. Mundheim, 1992. Effects of high-ash diets on growth, feed efficiency and zinc status of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture, 106: 345-355.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Tacon, A.G.J. and M. Metian, 2008. Global overview on the use of fish meal and fish oil in industrially compounded aquafeeds: Trends and future prospects. Aquaculture, 285: 146-158.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Tengjaroenkul, B., B.J. Smith, T. Caceci and S.A. Smith, 2000. Distribution of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal tract of cultured Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L. Aquaculture, 182: 317-327.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Vizcaino, A.J., G. Lopez, M.I. Saez, J.A. Jimenez and A. Barros et al., 2014. Effects of the microalga Scenedesmus almeriensis as fishmeal alternative in diets for gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata, juveniles. Aquaculture, 431: 34-43.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Walker, A.B. and D.L. Berlinsky, 2011. Effects of partial replacement of fish meal protein by microalgae on growth, feed intake and body composition of Atlantic cod. North Am. J. Aquacult., 73: 76-83.
Direct Link  |