Authors : Assia Meziani, Boualem Remini and Djamel Boutoutaou
Abstract: Evaporation is the main process of the water cycle and it’s considered as major problem reducing the water reserves over the world, especially in arid countries. The most important climatic factors affecting the evaporation process are temperature, wind speed, humidity, solar radiation and atmospheric pressure. Several researchers have studied the evaporation and have given models or approaches to estimate the evaporation rate based on available meteorological data. These models are divided to five categories: water budget, energy budget, mass transfer, combination methods and evaporation pans. We mention that, the measurement of evaporation by using pans over the water bodies still a classical method generating measurement errors. The objective of our research is to elaborate empirical model to estimate evaporation from dam-reservoirs located in semi-arid and arid regions, for that five damreservoirs have been chosen: Foum El-Gherza dam, Gazelles Fountain dam, Foum El-Guiess dam, Djorf- Torba dam and Brezina dam. We mention that the empirical developed model is the result of a combination of two models proposed by Blaney- Criddle and Priestley-Taylor (modified). The obtained results by the proposed model show very good performances for the five dam-reservoirs: correlation coefficient is >0.84, the ratio of the rank sum (RSR) is ≤0.54 and the Nash-Sutcliffe criterion (NSE) is ≥0.83. Moreover, the proposed model is compared by measurement evaporation and the following models: Priestley and Taylor, Boutoutaou, Ivanov, DeBruin, Hamon, Blaney-Criddle, Ryan-Harleman and Xiao.
Assia Meziani, Boualem Remini and Djamel Boutoutaou, 2020. Estimating Evaporation from Dam-Reservoirs in Arid and Semi Arid Regions Case of Algeria. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 15: 2097-2107.