Online Journal of Earth Sciences

Year: 2008
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Page No. 1 - 8

Transient Variation of the Electromagnetic Induction Due to Equatorial Electrojet

Authors : A.B. Rabiu and N. Nagarajan

Abstract: Electromagnetic inductive response of the electrically conducting Earth�s interior to geomagnetic variations can be inferred from the magnetic Z-H or the magnetotelluric E-H relations. Using the magnetic Z-H relation of 5 stations across the Indian, African and American electrojet sectors, the transient variation of the electromagnetic inductive response of the subsurface lateral conductivity due to equatorial electrojet have been investigated during quiet conditions. The five selected equatorial electrojet stations are Trivandrum (TRD), Annamalainagar (ANN), Ettaiyapuram (ETT), Addis Ababa (AAE) and Huancayo (HUA). Hourly data of H and Z from the equatorial stations were analysed for regular solar quiet variation due to electrojet by taking the hourly departures from midnight values and effected correction due to non-cyclic variation. The ratios of regular variation in Z to that of H, Z/ H, are taken and the first difference of its one-hourly values taken as an estimate of inductive response. Hourly profiles of the variations of H, Z and Z/ H of 60 magnetic quiet days were examined. Daytime source effect due to electrojet is noticed. The electromagnetic inductive response is negligible in daytime around local noon, when the electrojet source field has zonal symmetry, in all sectors. Strong inductive responses are obtained at the rising and decay periods of the electrojet. The observed inductive response is shown to be in agreement with the electromagnetic theory. The strong inductive responses observed at the rising and decay periods are shown, from existing numerical models and prior experimental observations, to be due to the return currents of equatorial electrojet. As expected and in consonant with the theory of electrojet dynamics, no nighttime induction effect was observed. The result represented the first observational evidence of the theoretical model of Ducruix and thus validated the controversial finding of Fambitakoye.

How to cite this article:

A.B. Rabiu and N. Nagarajan , 2008. Transient Variation of the Electromagnetic Induction Due to Equatorial Electrojet. Online Journal of Earth Sciences, 2: 1-8.

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