Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances

Year: 2010
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page No. 623 - 630

Effect of Different Protein Sources on Microbial Protein Synthesis in Sheep Feed Maize Based Diets

Authors : Cemal Budag and Duran Bolat

References

Acıkgoz, E., 2001. Forage Crops. University of Uluda Publishing, Bursa.

Akyıldız, R., 1969. Forages Information. Faculty of Agriculture Publications, Ankara, Turkey.

Blank, R., K.H. Sudekum, I. Immig and J. Kleinmans, 1998. Synchroner abbou von kohlenhydraten und rohprotein in den vormagen-eine neue variable fur die rotiongestaltung? Ubers. Tierermahrung, 26: 157-188.

Bolat, D., 1985. Energy and protein sources as Lathyru Sativus L. in milk dark-skinned cow switzerland quantity of milk and some milk components of use impact. Ph.D. Thesis, Health Sciences Institute, The University of Fırat, Elazıg, Turkey.

Boulter, D. and E. Derbyshire, 1976. The General Properties, Classification and Distribution of Plant Proteins. In: Plant Proteins, Norton, G. (Ed.). Butterworths, London, pp: 3-24.

Church, D.C., 1979. Digestive physiology and nutrition of ruminants. Digestive Physiol., 1: 166-173.

Clark, J.H., M.R. Murphy and B.A. Crooker, 1987. Supplying the protein needs of dairy cattle from by-product feeds. J. Dairy Sci., 70: 1092-1109.
Direct Link  |  

Cole, N.A., R.R. Johnson, F.N. Owens and J.R. Males, 1976. Influence of roughage level and corn processing method on microbial protein synthesis by beef steers. J. Anim. Sci., 43: 497-502.
Direct Link  |  

De Visser, H., P. van der Togt, H. Huisert and S. Tamminga, 1992. Structural and non-structural carbohydrates in concentrate supplements of silage-based dairy cow rations. 2. Rumen degradation, fermentation and kinetics. Neth. J. Agric. Sci., 40: 431-445.

Dewhurst, R.J., D.R. Davies and R.J. Merry, 2000. Mikrobial protein supply from the rumen. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 85: 1-21.
Direct Link  |  

Dixon, R.M. and B.J. Hosking, 1992. Nutritional valve of grain legumes for ruminants. Nutr. Res. Rev., 5: 19-43.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Dougherty, R.W., 1981. Experimental Surgery in Farm Animals. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA., USA.

Duzguneş, O., T. Kesici, O. Kavuncu and F. Gurbuz, 1987. Research and Test Methods (Statistical Methods-II). Faculty of Agriculture Publications, Ankara, Turkey.

Ensminger, M.E., J.E. Oldfield and W.W. Heinemann, 1990. Feeds and Nutrition. 2nd Edn., Ensminger Publishing Company, Clovis, CA., USA., Pages: 1552.

Erasmus, L.J., P.M. Botha and H.H. Meissner, 1994. Effect of protein source on ruminal fermentation and passage of aminoacids tothe small intestine of lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci., 77: 3655-3665.
Direct Link  |  

Erasmus, L.S., H.P. de Bruin, J.T. Grove, M.H. Neitz and H.H. Meissner, 1986. Influence of different combination of urea and low ruminal degradable protein source on performance of high-producing dairy cows. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci., 16: 169-176.
Direct Link  |  

Ergul, M., 1993. Forage`s Information and Technology. Printing House, İzmir, Turkey.

Hanbury, C.D., C.L. White, B.P. Mullan and K.H.M. Siddique, 2000. A review of the potential of Lathyrus sativus L. and Lathyrus Cicera L. grain for use as animal feed. J. Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol., 87: 1-27.

Henning, P.H., D.G. Steyn and H.H. Meissner, 1993. Effect of syncronizaton of enerji and nitrogen supply on ruminal characteristics and microbial growth. J. Anim. Sci., 71: 2516-2528.
Direct Link  |  

Holden, L.A., L.D. Muller, G.A. Vagra and P.J. Hillard, 1994. Ruminal digestion and duodenal nutriend flows in dairy cows consuming grass as pasture hay or silage. J. Dairy Sci., 77: 3034-3042.
Direct Link  |  

Hoover, W.H. and S.R. Stokes, 1991. Balancing carbohydrates and proteins for optimum rumen microbial yield. J. Dairy Sci., 74: 3630-3644.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Hoover, W.H., 1986. Chemical factors involved in ruminal fiber digestion. J. Dairy Sci., 69: 2755-2766.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Huisman, J. and A.J.M. Jansman, 1991. Dietery effects and some analytical aspects of antinutritional factors in peas (Pisum sativun) gommon beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and soyabean (Glyerne max L.) in monogastric form animals. Nutr. Abstr. Rev. B, 61: 901-921.

Hume, I.D., 1970. Syenthesis of microbial protein in the rumen. III. The effect of dietary protein. Aust. J. Agric. Res., 21: 305-314.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Kılı�, A., 1985. Animal Nutrition. TUBITAK Publication, Ankara, Turkey.

Karslı, M.A. and J.R. Russell, 2000. Effects of source and concentrations of nitrogen and carbohdrate on ruminal microbial protein synthesis. T�rk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 26: 201-207.
Direct Link  |  

Karslı, M.A., 1998. Ruminal microbial protein synthesis in sheep fed forages of varying nutritive value. Ph.D. Thesis, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.

Komarek, R.J., 1981. Intestinal cannulation of catle and sheep with a T-shaped cannula designed for total digesta collection without externalizing digesta flow. J. Anim. Sci., 53: 796-802.
Direct Link  |  

Liener, I.E., 1989. Antinutritional Factors in Legume Seeds: State of the Art. In: Recent Advances of Research in Antinutritional Factors in Legume Seeds, Huisman, J., A.F.B. van der Poel and I.E. Liener (Eds.). Pudoc, Wageningen, Netherlands, pp: 6-14.

Ludden, P.A. and M.J. Cecava, 1995. Supplemental protein sources for steers fed corn-based diets: I. Ruminal characteristics and intestinal amino acid flows. J. Anim. Sci., 73: 1466-1475.
Direct Link  |  

Madsen, J. and T. Hvelplund, 1985. Protein degradation in the rumen: A comparison between In vivo, nylon bag, In vitro and buffer measurements. Acta Agric. Scand., 25: 103-124.

Majak, W., 1992. Metabolism and absorption of toxic glycosides by ruminant. J. Range Manage., 45: 67-71.
Direct Link  |  

Mangan, J.L., 1988. Nutritional effects of tannins in animal feeds. Nutr. Res. Rev., 1: 209-231.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Markham, R., 1942. A steam distilation apparatus suitable for micro-kjeldahl analysis. Biochem. J., 36: 790-791.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

McSweeney, C.S., B. Palmer, D.M. McNeill and D.O. Krause, 2001. Microbial interactions with tannins: Nutritional consequences for ruminants. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 91: 83-93.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Nocek, J.E. and J.B. Russell, 1988. Protein and energy as an integrated system. Relationship of ruminal protein and carbohydrate availability to microbial synthesis and milk production. J. Dairy Sci., 71: 2070-2107.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Owens, F.N. and A.L. Goetsch, 1988. Ruminal Fementation. In: The Ruminant Animal Digestive Pysiology and Metabolism, Church, D.C. (Ed.). Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ., USA., pp: 145-171.

Owens, F.N. and R. Zinn, 1988. Protein Metabolism of Ruminant Animals. In: The Ruminant Animal Digestive Physiology and Nutrition, Church, D.C. (Eds.). Waveland Press, Illinois, pp: 227-249.

Ozen, N., S. Hasimoglu, A. Cakır and A. Aksoy, 1999. Forage Information and Feed Technology. Faculty of Agricultural, Erzurum, Turkey.

Piepenbrink, M.S. and D.J. Schingoethe, 1998. Ruminal degradation amino acid composition and estimated intestinal digestibilities of four protein supplements. J. Dairy Sci., 81: 454-461.
Direct Link  |  

Roy, N.D., 1981. Toxic amino acids and protein from lathyrus plant and other Leguminous sp. Nutr. Abstr. Rev. A, 51: 691-707.

SAS Institute Inc., 1993. SAS/ETS User`s Guide. 2nd Edn., SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.

Satter, L.D. and R.E. Roffler, 1975. Nitrogen requirement and utilization in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 58: 1219-1237.
Direct Link  |  

Schingoethe, D.J., J.A. Rok and F. Ludens, 1976. Evaluation of sunflower meal as a protein supplement for lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci., 60: 591-595.
Direct Link  |  

Seabra, M., S. Carvalho, J. Freire, D. Ferreira and M. Mourato et al., 2001. Lupinus luteus, Vicia sativa and Lathyrus cicera as protein sources for piglets: İleal and total tract apparent digestibility of amino acids and antigenic effects. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 89: 1-16.
Direct Link  |  

Stern, M.D. and W.H. Hoover, 1979. Methods for determining and factors affecting rumen microbial protein synthesis: A review. J. Dairy Sci., 49: 1590-1603.
Direct Link  |  

Stokes, S.R., W.H. Hoover, T.K. Miller and R. Blauweikel, 1991. Ruminal digestion and microbial istilization of diets varying in type of carbohydrate and protein. J. Dairy Sci., 74: 871-881.
Direct Link  |  

Tamminga, S., 1979. Protein degredation in the forestomachs of ruminants. J. Anim. Sci., 49: 1615-1630.
Direct Link  |  

Van Soest, P.J., 1963. Use of detergents in the analysis of fibrous feeds. II. A rapid method for the determination of fibre and lignin. J. Assoc. Official Agric. Chemists J., 46: 829-835.
Direct Link  |  

Williams, C.H., B.J. David and O. Iismaa, 1962. The determination of chromic oxide in faeces samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. J. Agric. Sci., 59: 381-385.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Zinn, A.R. and F.N. Owens, 1986. A rapid procedure for purine measurement and its use for estimating net ruminal protein synthesis. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 66: 157-166.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Design and power by Medwell Web Development Team. © Medwell Publishing 2024 All Rights Reserved