References

Denai, M.A., F. Palis and A. Zeghbib, 2007. Modeling and control of non-linear systems using soft computing techniques. J. Applied Soft Comput., 7: 728-738.
CrossRef  |  

Ferrarin, M. and A. Pedotti, 2000. The relationship between electrical stimulus and joint torque: A dynamic model. IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng., 8: 342-352.
PubMed  |  

Ferrarin, M., F. Palazzo, R. Riener and J. Quintern, 2001. Model-based control of FES-induced single joint movements. IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng., 9: 245-257.

Hexley, A.F., 1957. Muscle structure and theories of contraction. Prog. Biophys. Biophys. Chem., 7: 255-318.
PubMed  |  

Hill, A.V., 1938. The heat of shortening and the dynamic constants in muscle. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, 126: 136-195.
Direct Link  |  

Mahfouf, M., 2004. Fuzzy logic modelling and control, theoretical and practical aspects of fuzzy systems. Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield.

Makssoud, H.E., D. Guiraud and P. Poignet, 2004. Mathematical muscle model for functional electrical stimulation control strategies. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotic and Automation, Apr. 26-May 1, New Orleans, LA, USA., pp: 1282-1287.

Riener, R. and T. Fuhr, 1998. Patient-driven control of fes-supported standing up: A simulation study. IEEE Trans. Rehabil. Eng., 6: 113-124.
PubMed  |  

Riener, R., J. Quintern and G. Schmidt, 1996. Biomechanical model of the human knee evaluated by neuromuscular stimulation. J. Biomech., 29: 1157-1167.
PubMed  |  

Sisto, S.A., G.F. Forrest and P.D. Faghri, 2008. Technology for mobility and quality of life in spinal cord injury, analyzing a series of options available. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol., 27: 56-68.
Direct Link  |  

Swain, A. and D. Grundy, 2002. ABC of Spinal Cord Injury. BMJ Books, London.

Vignes, R.M., 2004. Modeling muscle fatigue in digital humans. M.Sc. Thesis, Graduate College of The University of Iowa.

Zajac, F.E., E.L. Topp and P.J. Stevenson, 1986. A Dimensionless musculotendon model. Proceedings IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology. Biology Society, Dallas-Ft Worth, Texas.