References

Auer., H. and H. Hofmann, 1993. Pillared clays: Characterization of acidity and with some zeolites. Applied Catal. A: Gen., 97: 23-38.
CrossRef  |  

Branauer, S., P.H. Emmett and E. Teller, 1938. Adsorption of gases in multi-molecular layers. Am. Chem. Soc., 60: 309-319.
CrossRef  |  

Choksi, P.M. and V.Y. Joshi, 2007. Adsorption kinetic study for the removal of nickel (II) and aluminum (III) from an aqueous solution by natural adsorbents. Desalination, 208: 216-231.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Einaga, H., 1979. Hydrolysis of titanium (IV) in aqueous (Na,H)Cl solution. J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans., 1979: 1917-1919.
CrossRef  |  

Fatma, T. and B. Suna, 2008. Synthesis and characterization of Al-pillared interlayered bentonites. G.U. J. Sci., 21: 21-31.

Gil, A., A. Vicente and M. Gandia, 2000. Main factor controlling the texture of zirconia and alumina pillared clay. Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 34: 115-125.
Direct Link  |  

Horvath, G. and K. Kawazoe, 1983. Method for the calculation of effective pore size distribution in molecular sieve carbon. J. Chem. Eng. Jap., 16: 470-475.

Jone, J.R. and J.H. Purnell, 1994. The catalytic dehydration of penta-l-ol by alumna pillared texas montmorillionites of differing pillar density. Catal. Lett., 28: 283-289.

Kloprogge, J.T., 1998. Synthesis of smectites and porous pillared clay catalysts: A review. J. Porous Materials, 5: 5-41.
CrossRef  |  

Kurian, M. and S. Sugunan, 2003. Characterization of the acid-base properties of pillared montmorillonite. Micropor-Mesopor. Mat., 83: 25-34.
CrossRef  |  

Lambert, J.F. and G. Poncelet, 1997. Acidity in pillared clays: Origin and catalytic manifestations. Top. catal., 4: 45-53.
CrossRef  |  

Madejova, J., J. Bujdak, M. Janek and P. Komadel, 1998. Comparative FT-IR Study of the structural modification during acid treatment of dioctahedral smectite and hectorite. Spectrchica. Acta Part A, 54: 1397-1406.
Direct Link  |  

Nabivanets, B.I. and L.N. Kudritskaya, 1967. A study on the polymerization of titanium (IV) in hydrochloric acid solutions. Russ. J. Inorg. Chem., 12: 616-620.

Narsito, F.I.S. and K. Wijaya, 2011. Effect of Aluminium pillared montmorillonite on its surface acidity properties. ITB J. Sci., 43: 123-138.

Okoye, I.P. and C. Obi, 2011. The adsorption dynamics of heavy metal ions onto titanium-pillared and unpillared bentonite clays. J. Niger. Environ. Soc., 5: 22-28.

Ratti, R., S. Kaur, M. Vaultier and V. Singh, 2010. Preparation, characterization and catalytic activity of MMT-clay exchanged sulphonic acid functionalized ionic liquid for transesterification of β-ketoesters. Catalysis Commun., 11: 503-507.
CrossRef  |  

Saito, A. and H.C. Foley, 1991. Curvature and parametric sensitivity in models for adsorption in micropores. AIChE J., 37: 429-436.
CrossRef  |  

Salerno, P., M.B. Asenjo and J. Mendioroz, 2001. Influence of preparation method on thermal stability and acidity of Al-P1LCs. Thermochim. Acta, 379: 101-109.

Schoonheydt, R.A., T. Pinnavaia, G. Lagaly and N. Gangas, 1999. Pillared clays and pillared layered solids. Pure Applied Chem., 71: 2367-2371.
Direct Link  |  

Trombetta, M., G. Busca, M. Lenarda, L. Storaro and R. Ganzerla et al., 2000. Solid acid catalysts from clays evaluation of surface acidity of mono-and bi-pillared smectites by FTIR spectroscopy measurements, NH3-TPD and catalytic test. Applied Catal. A: General, 193: 55-69.
Direct Link  |  

Tyagi, B., C.D. Chudasama and R.V. Jasra, 2006. Charaterization of surface acidity of an acid montmorillonite activated with hydrothermal, ultrasonic and microwave techniques. Applied Clay Sci., 31: 16-28.
CrossRef  |  

Vaughan, D.E.W. and R.J. Lussier, 1980. Preparation of molecular sieves based on pillared interlayered clays (PILC). Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Zeolites, Naples, June 1980, Heyden, London, pp: 94-101.