References

Arambel, M.J. and B.A. Kent, 1990. Effect of yeast culture on nutrient digestibility and milk yield response in early- to midlactation dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 73: 1560-1563.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Banadaky, M.D., A.N. Khah and A. Zali, 2003. Effects of feeding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on productive performance and blood components of lactating Holstein dairy cows. Annual Conference, October, 2003, pp: 106. http://bsas.org.uk/downloads/annlproc/Pdf2003/106.pdf.

Callaway, E.S. and S.A. Martin, 1997. Effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on ruminal bacteria that utilize lactate and digest cellulose. J. Dairy Sci., 80: 2035-2044.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Carro, M.D., P. Lebzien and K. Rohr, 1992. Effects of yeast culture on rumen fermentation, digestibility and duodenal flow in dairy cows fed a silage based diet. Livest. Prod. Sci., 32: 219-229.

Dann, H.M., J.K. Drackley, G.C. McCoy, M.F. Hutjens and J.E. Garrett, 2000. Effects of yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on prepartum intake and postpartum intake and milk production of jersey cows. J. Dairy Sci., 83: 123-127.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Dawson, K.A., 1990. Designing the Yeast Culture of Tomorrow-Mode of Action of Yeast Culture for Ruminants and Non-Ruminants. In: Biotechnology in the Feed Industry, Lyons, T.P. (Ed.). Alltech Tech. Publ., Nicholasville KY., pp: 59-78.

Dawson, K.A., K.E. Neuman and J.A. Boling, 1990. Effects of microbial supplements containing yeast and lactobacilli on roughage-fed ruminal microbial activities. J. Anim. Sci., 68: 3392-3398.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Erasmus, L.J., P.M. Botha and A. Kistner, 1992. Effect of yeast culture supplement on production, rumen fermentation and duodenal nitrogen flow in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 75: 3056-3065.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Erdman, R.A. and B.K. Sharma, 1989. Effect of yeast culture and sodium bicarbonate on milk yield and composition in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 72: 1929-1932.
Direct Link  |  

Harris, B. and D.W. Webb, 1990. The effect of feeding a concentrated yeast culture product to lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 73: 266-266.

Huber, J.T., 1998. Yeast products help cattle handle heat. Hoard’s Dairyman, 143: 367-367.

Iwanska, S., D. Strusinska and W. Zalewski, 1999. The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1026 used alone or with vitamin-mineral premix on biochemical parameters of blood and milk in dairy cows. Acta Vet. Hung., 47: 53-63.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

John, P.W.M., 1971. Statistical Design and Analysis of Experiments. The Macmillan Company, New York, USA.

Koul, V., U. Kumar, V.K. Sareen and S. Singh, 1998. Mode of action of yeast culture (YEA-SACC 1026) for stimulation of rumen fermentation in buffalo calves. J. Sci. Food Agric., 77: 413-417.
Direct Link  |  

Kung Jr. L., E.M. Kreck, R.S. Tung, A.O. Hession and A.C. Sheperd et al., 1997. Effects of a live yeast culture and enzymes on in vitro ruminal fermentation and milk production of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 80: 2045-2051.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  

Lynch, H.A. and S.A. Martin, 2002. Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture and Saccharomyces cerevisiae live cells on in vitro mixed ruminal microorganism fermentation. J. Dairy Sci., 85: 2603-2608.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Lyons, T.P., K.A. Jacques and K.A. Dawson, 1993. Miscellaneous Products from Yeast. In: The Yeasts, Rose, A.H. and J.S. Harrison (Eds.). Vol. 5, Academic Press, New York, pp: 293-324.

Martin, S.A. and D.J. Nisbet, 1992. Effect of direct-fed microbials on rumen microbial fermentation. J. Dairy Sci., 75: 1736-1744.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Miller-Webster, T., W.H. Hoover, M. Holt and J.E. Nocek, 2002. Influence of yeast culture on ruminal microbial metabolism in continuous culture. J. Dairy Sci., 85: 2009-2014.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Newbold, C.J., R.J. Wallage, X.B. Chen and F.M. Mctintosh, 1995. Different strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae differ in their effects on ruminal bacterial numbers in vitro and in sheep. J. Anim. Sci., 73: 1811-1818.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Nisbet, D.J. and S.A. Martin, 1991. Effect of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on lactate utilization by the ruminal bacterium Selenomonas ruminantium. J. Anim. Sci., 69: 4628-4633.
Direct Link  |  

Piva, G., S. Belladonna, G. Fusconi and F. Sicbaldi, 1993. Effects of yeast on dairy cow performance, ruminal fermentation, blood components and milk manufacturing properties. J. Dairy Sci., 76: 2717-2722.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Schingoethe, D.J., K.N. Linke, K.F. Kalscheur, A.R. Hippen, D.R. Rennich and I. Yoon, 2004. Feed efficiency of mid-lactation dairy cows fed yeast culture during summer. J. Dairy Sci., 87: 4178-4181.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Soder, K.J. and L.A. Holden, 1999. Dry matter intake and milk yield and composition of cows fed yeast prepartum and postpartum. J. Dairy Sci., 82: 605-610.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Sullivan, H.M. and S.A. Martin, 1999. Effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on in vitro mixed ruminal microorganism fermentation. J. Dairy Sci., 82: 2011-2016.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Swartz, D.L., L.D. Muller, G.W. Rogers and G.A. Varga, 1994. Effect of yeast cultures on performance of lactating dairy cows: A field study. J. Dairy Sci., 77: 3073-3080.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Wallace, R.J., 1994. Ruminal microbiology, biotechnology and ruminant nutrition: Progress and problems. J. Anim. Sci., 72: 2992-3003.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Wang, Z., M.L. Eastridge and X. Qiu, 2001. Effects of forage neutral detergent fiber and yeast culture on performance of cows during early lactation. J. Dairy Sci., 84: 204-212.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Wiedmeier, R.D., M.J. Arambel and J.L. Walters, 1987. Effects of yeast culture and Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract on ruminal characteristics and nutrient digestion. J. Dairy Sci., 70: 2063-2068.
Direct Link  |  

Williams, P.E., C.A. Tait, G.M. Innes and C.J. Newbold, 1991. Effects of the inclusion of yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae plus growth medium) in the diet of dairy cows on milk yield and forage degradation and fermentation patterns in the rumen of steers. J. Anim. Sci., 69: 3016-3026.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Wohlt, J.E., A.D. Finkelstein and C.H. Chung, 1991. Yeast culture to improve intake, nutrient digestibility and performance by dairy cattle during early lactation. J. Dairy Sci., 74: 1395-1400.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |