References

Ban, S. and S. Maruno, 1993. Deposition of calcium phosphate on titanium by electrochemical process in simulated body fluid. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 32: L1577-L1580.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Cai, K., M. Lai, W. Yang, R. Hu and R. Xin et al., 2010. Surface engineering of titanium with potassium hydroxide and its effects on the growth behavior of mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Biomater., 6: 2314-2321.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Chen, C., I.S. Lee, S.M. Zhang and H.C. Yang, 2010. Biomimetic apatite formation on calcium phosphate-coated titanium in Dulbeccos phosphate-buffered saline solution containing CaCl₂ with and without fibronectin. Acta Biomater., 6: 2274-2281.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Cosma, S.C., N. Balc, M. Moldovan and C.S. Miron-Borzan, 2015. Surface treatments applied on titanium implants. Ovidius Univ. Ann. Chem., 26: 41-48.
Direct Link  |  

De Groot, K., R. Geesink, C.P.A.T. Klein and P. Serekian, 1987. Plasma sprayed coatings of hydroxylapatite. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 21: 1375-1381.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Ducheyne, P., S. Radin, M. Heughebaert and J.C. Heughebaert, 1990. Calcium phosphate ceramic coatings on porous titanium: Effect of structure and composition on electrophoretic deposition, vacuum sintering and In vitro dissolution. Biomater., 11: 244-254.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Engh Jr, C.A., A.M. Young, C.A. Engh Sr and R.H. Hopper Jr, 2003. Clinical consequences of stress shielding after porous-coated total hip arthroplasty. Clin. Orthopaedics Relat. Res., 417: 157-163.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Fatehi, K., F. Moztarzadeh, M. Solati-Hashjin, M. Tahriri and M. Rezvannia et al., 2009. Biomimetic hydroxyapatite coatings deposited onto heat and alkali treated Ti6Al4V surface. Surf. Eng., 25: 583-588.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Fatehii, K., F. Moztarzadehii and M.S. Hashtjiniii, 2009. Effect of Alkali and heat treatment on Biomimetic HA Coating on Ti6Al4V. AUT. J. Model. Simul., 41: 59-63.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Forsgren, J., F. Svahn, T. Jarmar and H. Engqvist, 2007. Formation and adhesion of biomimetic hydroxyapatite deposited on titanium substrates. Acta Biomater., 3: 980-984.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Geetha, M., A.K. Singh, R. Asokamani and A.K. Gogia, 2009. Ti based biomaterials, the ultimate choice for orthopaedic implants-a review. Prog. Mater. Sci., 54: 397-425.
Direct Link  |  

Huang, H., P.H. Lan, Y.Q. Zhang, X.K. Li and X. Zhang et al., 2015. Surface characterization and In vivo performance of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite-coated porous Ti6Al4V implants generated by electron beam melting. Surf. Coat. Technol., 283: 80-88.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Jaworski, R., L. Pawlowski, C. Pierlot, F. Roudet and S. Kozerski et al., 2009. Suspension plasma sprayed titanium oxide and hydroxyapatite coatings. Proceedings of the International Conference on Thermal Spray, May 4-7, 2009, ASM, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA., pp: 156-161.

Jonasova, L., F.A. Muller, A. Helebrant, J. Strnad and P. Greil, 2004. Biomimetic apatite formation on chemically treated titanium. Biomater., 25: 1187-1194.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Kaneko, A., S. Hirai, Y. Tamada and T. Kuzuya, 2009. Evaluation of calcium phosphate-coated silk fabric produced by Sol-Gel processing as a wound cover material. Seni Gakkaishi, 65: 97-102.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Kim, C., M.R. Kendall, M.A. Miller, C.L. Long and P.R. Larson et al., 2013. Comparison of titanium soaked in 5 M NaOH or 5 M KOH solutions. Mater. Sci. Eng. C., 33: 327-339.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Kim, H.M., F. Miyaji, T. Kokubo, S. Nishiguchi and T. Nakamura, 1999. Graded surface structure of bioactive titanium prepared by chemical treatment. J. Biomed. Mater. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 45: 100-107.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Kim, H.M., F., Miyaji, T. Kokubo and T. Nakamura, 1997. Bonding strength of bonelike apatite layer to Ti metal substrate. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 38: 121-127.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Klein, C.P., P.V. Patka, H.B.M. Van der Lubbe, J.G.C. Wolke and K. De Groot, 1991. Plasma‐sprayed coatings of tetracalcium phosphate, hydroxyl‐apatite and α‐TCP on titanium alloy: An interface study. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 25: 53-65.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Kokubo, T. and S. Yamaguchi, 2010. Novel bioactive titanate layers formed on Ti metal and its alloys by chemical treatments. Mater., 3: 48-63.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Kokubo, T., F. Miyaji, H.M. Kim and T. Nakamura, 1996. Spontaneous formation of bonelike apatite layer on chemically treated titanium metals. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 79: 1127-1129.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Lee, K. and D. Yoo, 2015. Large-area sodium titanate nanorods formed on titanium surface via NaOH alkali treatment. Arch. Metall. Mater., 60: 1371-1374.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Lindahl, C., H. Engqvist and W. Xia, 2013. Influence of surface treatments on the bioactivity of Ti. ISRN. Biomater., 2013: 1-14.
Direct Link  |  

Lindahl, C., W. Xia, H. Engqvist, A. Snis and J. Lausmaa et al., 2015. Biomimetic calcium phosphate coating of additively manufactured porous CoCr implants. Appl. Surf. Sci., 353: 40-47.
Direct Link  |  

Lu, C.F., H.M. Huang, C.H. Chu, W.L. Li and T.F. Hong, 2012. The effects of heat treatment atmosphere on the bone-like apatite inducement on the alkali treated Ti-6Al-4 V surfaces. Procedia Eng., 36: 179-185.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Montenero, A., G. Gnappi, F. Ferrari, M. Cesari and E. Salvioli et al., 2000. Sol-gel derived hydroxyapatite coatings on titanium substrate. J. Mater. Sci., 35: 2791-2797.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Muller, L., E. Conforto, D. Caillard and F.A. Muller, 2007. Biomimetic apatite coatings-Carbonate substitution and preferred growth orientation. Biomol. Eng., 24: 462-466.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Pasinli, A., M. Yuksel, E. Celik, S. Sener and A.C. Tas, 2010. A new approach in biomimetic synthesis of calcium phosphate coatings using lactic acid-Na lactate buffered body fluid solution. Acta Biomater., 6: 2282-2288.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Qu, H. and M. Wei, 2008. The effect of temperature and initial pH on biomimetic apatite coating. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B: Appl. Biomater., 87: 204-212.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Rehman, I. and W. Bonfield, 1997. Characterization of hydroxyapatite and carbonated apatite by photo acoustic FTIR spectroscopy. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., 8: 1-4.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Rosales-Leal, J.I., M.A. Rodriguez-Valverde, G. Mazzaglia, P.J. Ramon-Torregrosa and L. Diaz-Rodriguez et al., 2010. Effect of roughness, wettability and morphology of engineered titanium surfaces on osteoblast-like cell adhesion. Colloids Surf. A. Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 365: 222-229.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Tas, A.C. and S.B. Bhaduri, 2004. Rapid coating of Ti6Al4V at room temperature with a calcium phosphate solution similar to 10× simulated body fluid. J. Mater. Res., 19: 2742-2749.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Ting, N.M., O.P. Yee, T.S. Pushparajan, D. Swaminathan and M.G Kutty, 2015. Biomimetic coating of modified titanium surfaces with hydroxyapatite using simulated body fluid. Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2015: 1-9.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Whyman, G. and E. Bormashenko, 2011. How to make the Cassie wetting state stable?. Langmuir, 27: 8171-8176.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Zhou, H., M. Nabiyouni and S.B. Bhaduri, 2013. Microwave assisted apatite coating deposition on Ti6Al4V implants. Mater. Sci. Eng. C., 33: 4435-4443.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |